Family Structure Policy

Family Structure PolicyHOW CHANGES IN THE FAMILY mental synthesis ready AFFECTED POLICY IN THE UNITED KINGDOMINTRODUCTIONAn accession to social indemnitySocial polity refers to the study of social social welf atomic lean 18 and how it re of lates to politics and the society.The United Kingdom is a unitary verbalize where the important government controls in all the activities of government. Demographic changes in the society become tender implications on government policy as far as effectual decision-making is concerned. These changes come in form of divorce rates, sink in conglutination as the fundamental institution of society, rise in cohabitation and many others. Irwin, S. (1999)In each administrative region we have a secretary of state and administrative departments situated in the central government with respective assemblies and executive.Laws in these administrative regions differ from one region to another. For example laws which apply in England and Wales ten d to differ from those in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Social services in the UK be under the health board but changes do bump frequently.The main government departments dealing with social policy in the UK argon as fol gloomys.Central governmentThe central government is in accommodate of National organisations and giveical anesthetic government Parliament is responsible for Primary legislation, local authorities and London boroughsCabinet Office undertakes reforms in the Public service The Treasury in charge of economy policy of the government and paysurgical incision of Health provides healthcare, social services and community care.Department for elaborate and Pensions Is responsible for national insurance, social assistance and creation of employment.Department for Communities and Local Government is in charge of Local government Urban policy Housing and environmental health Ministry of Justice Law and orderDepartment for Children, Schools and Families -manage Schoo ls Education well-being Learning disability (5-18) chelarens servicesThe administration of welfare in the UKThe administration system in the UK has undergone major reforms with the first degree covering the 1960s and 1970s where by planning and control of semipublic expenditure was shifted to treasury.The second phase between 1980s and 1990s dictum the restructuring of the civil service and the administration of welfare.The British social policy was dominated by poor laws way back from 1598 to 1948 for showcase the Elizabethan poor law of 1601 provided for a compulsory poor rate, creation of overseers of relief and move the poor on work.FAMILY STRUCTUREAccording to research in that location has been notable decrease in the percentage of people existent in kinfolks comprising the traditional family unit. Around 2001 Chinese and Asian communities had families with greater proportion of get married couples while on the other hand other ethnic groups kindred the black, whi te Caribbean had the greater proportion of cohabiting couples.In the course 2004 according to statistics octad out of 10 people in the UK lived in a family theater but however the same statistics indicate the there is a disdain in this form of structure because for past 40 years there has been an addition in the number of people living a lone(prenominal). This trend has been quicken by high divorce and cohabitation rates. Increase in the number of breakouts and the number of births occurring outside conjugal union has had a hand in this trend.Since 1972 the proportion of children living in larger families has declined Different ethnic groups differ in basis of size of household for congresswoman Asian households tend to be bigger that other ethnic groups and can comprise of even three generations. close to 12% of births in the UK in the year 1980 were outside marriage.By the year 2000 the figures had increased to about 41% making UK the leading country with much(prenomina l) births in the EU. Most of these births are as a result of cohabitation. close household chores, women spend about four hours in activities such as washing, cooking, and ironing. This is about one and a half hours more than that of men.CHANGES IN THE FAMILY STRUCTUREChanges if family structure comes about in terms of composition and size of households. For instance there is change from 2 parent families to mavin parenthood. Maternal employment is also evident in the UK whereby mothers go out to look for gainful employment. Other changes are in form ofChanges in employment and household resourcingIn the UK for the past decades there have been trends in polarisation peculiarly for women at individual level and at the level of household. There has been a notable alteration of gender in relation to education, employment and household resourcing.Growth in participation of built in bed-compulsory education has also been witnessed for the past fewer decades party associated with emp loyment opportunity structure family relations of partial habituation and obligations.Some of the factors contributing towards income inequalities includeThe rising gap between the super paid and the execrablely paid with increasing premiums for skills and qualifications.The numbers of workless households increase straightaway than the overall official unemployment rates.Marriage cohabitation and divorceA steady decline in marriage has been noted since early 1970s in the UK.Postponement of marriage has been observed in some household and it is mainly contributed to by cohabitation. keep heightenth has had an impact on peoples perception concerning morality and living arrangements. inside cohabiting unions child bearing has become very common. The UK has the highest divorce rates in the entire European union .Marital ties are increasingly being establish on emotions and romantic love rather than material necessity.Living apart(predicate) together -this is a term used to refer to people having a partner in what is understood to be a sexual relationship. It is kindred to co-residential cohabitation or living together because the two parties regard themselves as a couple (Murphy and Wang 1999).Lone parenthoodSociologists have continued to regard lone parenthood as an indicator of family change. By 1991 around 20% of all families with dependent children were headed by a lone parent. This growth was due to increase in divorce rates, single parents and never married parent. ( McKay and Marsh 1994). malodorousnessIn the UK there was marked rise in fertility during the post war period then a decline in fertility. dickens major components of the rise in fertility are the change in family size and the period for parenthood. Most women born in Britain in the late 1940s have remained childess.This trend has been cited by sociologists as important. (ONS 1997 and Irwin 1999).EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN THE FAMILY STRUCTURE ON SOCIAL POLICYKey in the implications of these changes in the family is the explosion of the non-marital child bearing.Changing of family structures has led to legislations by the government for instance the family law in Scotland.Poverty and disadvantage have serious implications on the social policy that seeks to create a level playing bailiwick in the nation and especially for the children Boheim, R. and Ermisch, J. (1998). Child poverty is firmly on the order of business of many European countries. It entails strategies which aim at increasing the income for low income earners with children. This is by promoting policies which will increase employment for poor families. Hall, R., Ogden, P.E. and Hill, C. (1999) A productive strategy should seek a balanced approach whereby alter benefits and improved incentives.For many years the rights of a child have been on top of the agenda for EU recently measures have been put in emerge to establish a comprehensive strategy to promote and effectively utilize the rights in both in ternal and external policies.Women with high qualifications are possible to enter into partnership at later years than those at low levels of education or the non- educated. Also those women who are less educated are likely to have high divorce rates than those with high education. functional mothers have an impact on the Childs well- being. It brings additional income and lifts many families out of poverty. Those who grow up poor early are likely to leave pedestal early and are likely to be less educated.Despite far-flung economic growth and progress in poverty reduction, in the UK the child remains the most vulnerable population. This because they are at high venture of living in poverty with the changing structure and composition of the family. Children are missing out on the on political and economic agenda. participatory approaches should therefore be initiated involvement of all stakeholders including particularly the children and young people. The perspectives of children from single parenthood should be included in policy formulation and carrying into action so as to combat poverty.CONCLUSIONIn the UK today households are made in many different ways and people have a variety of patterns of working.The current patterns and trends in familial lifestyles are primal determinants of the level of developments in employment and patterns of inequality. Changes in composition of households are delineate demographic indicators of changing living standards and lifestyles.These changes remain top on the agenda for the government so as to institute measures aimed at reducing poverty levels for instance the government has put children at its centre of its social policy agenda. This is evident by increasing the levels of in-work support for low -income parents and initiating programmes to support parents from disfavor areas.REFERENCESwww2.rgu.ac.uk/publicpolicy/introduction/uk.htmDownloaded 28/04/2008www.agf.org.uk/pubs/pdfs/1383Ageingweb.pdf Downloaded 28/04/ 2008www.leeds.ac.uk/CAVA/papers/wsp7b.pdf Downloaded 29/04/2008www.deafnessatbirth.org.uk/content2/support/ alteration/03/index.html Downloaded29/04/2008Cooper, W. (1999) LFS Household Data Spring 1998 Analyses Labour Market Trends (January)31-40.Hutton, S. (1994) Mens and womens incomes evidence from discipline data Journal of SocialPolicy 23 (1) 21-40.