Repairing the Problem with Americas Transportation System Essay

Repairing the Problem with Americas Transportation System there is a serious paradox with our nations roads and highways. I find myself repeatedly avoiding trips to the city for this very reason, as Im sure many others do as well. This nerve-wracking congestion is even beginning to find its way into the suburbs and ring beas of huge cities. It is a serious problem that affects everyone who owns an automobile, as well as, businesses that are dep wipeoutent on reliable and convenient transportation. To top it all off, this problem is getting worse every year. The population of this nation is growing, which translates to an increase in cars on the road. More people are moving to cities and the suburbs that surround them, creating gridlocks everywhere. No matter what any politician in Washington or employee of the federal official channel Administration may say, there is a serious and prompt problem with our nations transportation systems. The Texas Transportation Institute has rec ently done some(prenominal) studies that have produced some very alarming results. For example, the average American spends just about 26 mins a year stuck in traffic. Let?s cypher about that. The ?average? American spends this long cruising at five miles per hour and cursing at other cars around. By saying average, the study content this figure also takes into account people living in artless(prenominal) areas who spend maybe one hour a year stuck in traffic. That means for the majority of us, in the Phoenix area and other large cities, we spend 3 or 4 times more wasting away our valuable time in traffic. For people who drive into the city public for work, it might even be worse (Fay 3). Now that?s a lot of time if you ask me. To make matters worse... ...ve. Works Cited Fay, William D. & Slater, Rodney E. ?Q Should gasoline taxes be used exclusively for highways?? Insight on the News May 26, 1997 24. Henderson, Rick. ?An end to highway robbery?? Reason August-Sep 1996 12. Peratta, Ed. ?Despite bumps in the road, privatization races on.? American and urban center and County Oct 1995 50. Peters, Eric. ?Privatization the Road Ahead?? Consumers? Research Magazine Dec 1995 10. Roth, Gabriel. ?How to Solve our Highway Problems.? Consumers? Research Magazine June 1997 10. Samuel, Peter. ?The case for privatizing America?s highways.? USA right away Jan 1997 60. Voinovich, George V. ?Federal highway spending needs to be road less traveled.? Insight on the News Jan 6, 1997 29. West, Jim. ?Different Views of suckoline Taxes.? The Oil and Gas Journal August 14, 1995 9.

Mercantilism vs. Laissez-faire Essay

commercialism suggested that a countrys goverment should play an active role in the economy by urging more exports than imports, especially through the r knocked out(p)ine of tariffs. A nations wealth, when it comes to mercantilism lays in its gold and silver amounts. Many physiocrats of the succession opposed mercantilism because they saw it as exploition of business. The government collected red-blooded fees from guilds, and other groups. Therefore using them for their own profit. The government also curb economic innovation, and regulated which goods would be made and what regions are to be traded with. This brought out many critics in the aristocratic classes. One of mercantilisms greatest critics was fling Smith.Adam Smith wrote The man who steals, does not always mean to sell again, precisely frequently to use or to consume whereas he who sells, always mean to buy again. (Adam Smith, An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations)This basically means th at in order to sell, you must regain what youve sold, and will sell again, but those who buy will use what theyve bought. Adam Smith had laissez-faire ideology which meant that an individuals opportunism is the motor of economic progress. He believed each individual should be unblock to pursue their economic interests freely, without restriction by the government, which he believed should not extend to itself with economic affairs.High tariffs, guild restrictions, and mercantilist restraints just obstructed economic action. Physiocrats who advocated individualism ideology also believed that agriculture is the sole productive economic activity and encouraged the improvement of cultivation. Because they considered land to be the sole source of wealth, they urged the acceptance of a tax on land as the only economically justifiable tax.So essentially Laissez-faire and mercantilist are completely setback in the sense that mercantilism is for the government, for restriction and mon archial control, and Laissez-faire is for the individual, the consumer, the masses, the good of the country.

N. J. Ask

N. J. Ask is a state sagacity of bookmans in mixed fields. It is a foundation for excellence and proficiency. Following its establishment to meet the requirements of the no child left behind act. It is a state sound judgement of students achievement in language arts, math and science. It replaces the elementary take aim proficiency assessment.The ordinate 5 interrogatory coif is specifically knowing to serve as off-grade assessments in New Jersey. NJ PASS is sculpturesque on the existing New Jersey Assessment of learnings and intimacy (NJASK). Therefore, the format of the interim assessments is very similar to those. Combining multiple choice items and constructed repartee items, all intentional to the CCCS. There is one open ended paper task for grade 5 and every other grade. Those interim assessments live of items from Riverside publishings secure pool of items field tested in New Jersey but previously characterd on every commercial form of NJ PASS.NJ Ask Grade 5, tes t format employs an assessment center which is an integrated system of exercises designed to generate behaviors similar to those required for success in a orient job. These behaviors are usually measured in simulations that are similar to those activities performed in a given job. Each activity measures and mirrors a different cheek of the job military operation in those activities and observed by evaluators who are ingenious to be fair and objective.They compare each participants performance to predetermined performance guidelines to determine who will perform powerfully in a particular job. Furthermore, a distinct question is unquestionable for the title, surrogate Fire Chief. The test consists of four scenario base oral exercises. Each scenario is developed to stimulate tasks and assess knowledge, skills and abilities that incumbents or supervisors of incumbents deemed important to job performance.Usually, the scenario oral exercises interbreed four topics areas which include incident command non-fire, Administration, supervision, and incident command fire.As a reader, the fifth grade students are able to synthesize detail in order to make connections and generate new ideas. The student utilizes literary elements and authors purpose to snap text. And as an advanced writer, the student establishes and maintains a crocked focus and elaborates supporting details to convey ideas effectively. The student includes narrative techniques apply fluid transitions, strong appropriate word choice and sentence contour to purposefully engage the reader. This is what the grade 5 students are taught to do, sufficient and effective for their level. They do it sufficiently and effectively.PART 2The New Jersey amount plan content reflect the belief that all students foot and essential(prenominal) learn enough to assume their role as concerned citizens, provide with necessary information and decision making skills. This is achieved through a plastic and sequential objections and test alignment.The test dates for the examination is usually sent via military post approximately two weeks before test date. Candidates usually receive a notice which shows the date, time, location and room which they should report for examination. For purpose of clarity and enhancer candidates are to bring the notification card, two forms of identification and two pencils to examination center. And the examination format is usually in concurrence with the core curriculum content standards of NJ for grade 5. In fact, the examination is held at a central location.PART 3Assessment techniques are techniques used for students to barely ease and facilitate their learning process. Among the numerous assessment techniques include A case for reading the format is to introduce the students censorship and how challenges to books occur and whence invites them to read a challenged or banned book and decide for themselves what should be done with this book at sc hool by paternity a persuasive strain explaining their perspectives.This assessment exposes the kids to issues of censorship and challenged or banned books they critically evaluate books based on relevancy, biases and errors also to develop and support a position on a particular book by pen a persuasive essay approximately their chosen title.Persuasive indite is an important skill that cannot be taught too early but opus an argument can seem intimidating to elementary students. This task encourages students to use skills and knowledge they may not realize they already have. Students are accordingly asked to choose their own persuasive piece to analyze and learn many of the definitions associated with persuasive writing. I believe this technique serves the students to work cooperative multitudes to perceptiveness ideas and organize them into a cohesive argument to be presented to the class and to analyze the works of others to see if it contains effective persuasive techniq ues.Searching for Gold is an assessment technique which the real Gold is the enquiry skills and content area skill knowledge that students develop. In small groups, students create a project to fear in their oral representation of their researched topic.Once research is complete, each group teaches the rest of the class what they have learned through an activity of their choice. ideally this assessment technique will by all means help the students to work in cooperative groups, develop presentation materials using ocular aids, deliver oral presentations to teach others about their topics, select research topics based on interest and so on.Developing, writing, and evaluating persuasive speeches, is one of the objectives of an assessment technique tagged Vote for me By using the relevant examples of political campaigning. This technique teaches students the characteristics of effective persuasive speech writing and oral argument. By analyze an online tutorial and looking at example s, students learn what makes a strong speech. A second online tool helps them learn how to formulate a persuasive argument. Students then apply this information in two ways by writing their own speeches and by evaluating others.Although students are writing speeches to be delivered orally, they practice skills necessary for all effective writing. In the context of voting, an assessment is made by asking what is voting. With an eye on creating a graffiti-wall manual at the end of the unit students listen to information read around from a contour of sources as well as read from fiction and non-fiction books. Students recruit in an ongoing exploration of information from current sources including child-oriented web-sites, newspapers and orally in writing.This less on touches on the history of voting as a civil right, and current elections while asking students to explore the difference mingled with fact and opinion. This exercise will enable the students write an opinion essay abou t their favorite candidate, share prior knowledge about elections, dissertate information about the voting process, as presented by a variety of text sources read with partners, participate in creating a graffiti-wall mural on the topic of voting. On the whole, the assessment techniques of course will enhance snap off learning capacity and development mentally.PART 4In accordance with the Individuals with Disabilities cultivation figure (IDEA), students who are receiving special education services must participate in each subject area of a comprehensive assessment with the following exception if the nature f the students disability is so severe that the student is not receiving instruction in any of the knowledge and skills measured by the statewide assessment and the student cannot complete any of the questions on the assessment in a subject area with or without accommodations the student shall participate in a locally determined assessment of student progress (New Jersey admi nistrative code chapter 6a14-4.11(a)2).Also decisions about participation and accommodations/modifications are made by the individualized education political platform or 504 team. Information about test content and item types from specifications booklets can be used to make this determination.Furthermore, any accommodation or modifications of test administration procedures for students eligible for special education under the Individuals with Disability Education Act (IDEA) or eligible under section 504 of the rehabilitation Act of 1973 must be specified in the students IEP or 514 accommodation plans.In all students for modifications under section 504 may not be classified but do have a permanent or temporal impairment in a major life function-Performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, listening and speaking.

Clockwork Orange Essay

The decision to engage between salutary and vile is unmatchable simple survival of the fittest that separates a hu composition from cosmos a machine. Being unable to choose from the two is kindred little chellovecks do out of tin and with a spring inside and then a winding handle on the outside ( bourgeois, 203). There comes a catch in a mans life where he w international ampereum being a machine and becomes something else entirely. In the book A Clockwork orangeness tree by Anthony burgher, the twenty-first chapter was excluded from the earlier publications, but then added to the latter cardinals although the decision of chapter twenty provides beneficial lessons, the twenty-first chapter of A Clockwork orangeness is a gilt-edged conclusion to the source as it delegates character development and accomplishes the chastes of the tosh.This bothegory follows a fifteen-year-old boy named Alex, an im jump on adolescent who disregards the law and engages in scotch an d ultraviolence. Soon Alex is appreh halted and sentenced to prison where he is a victim of a conditioning experiment known as the Ludovico treatment in recite to rid him of all of his evil desires. The treatment remnants up being a success as Alex is no longer able to participate in violence or rape at his own forget. As the story continues, the disposal cures Alex of the condition under the agreement that he sides with the administration. At the halt of chapter twenty, Alex departs from the audience realizing I was cured all right (Burgess 192). Although the end of this chapter is non nearly as satisfying and powerful as the result of chapter twenty-one, it smooth provides an important lesson that readers should recognize.We as readers learn about the inherent evil of the government as we watch the Ludovico treatments success in dogmatic Alexs violence. There is importance in informing readers of im good actions involving the government and challenging them to question w hat is ethical or not. He Burgess has presented us with a stark image of evil, and perhaps of a greater evil in attempting to counteract it. He has warned us of a slippery slope (Newman 68). In the book, the Ludovico experiment is intense and disturbing even for readers who have been exposed to Alexs extreme actions. eventide though Alex is presented to us as a consume image of evil, Burgesss readers can still recognize something that is not unspoiled immature. Burgess is successful in showing his readers that sometimes something that is supposed to be pristine can be corrupt. He shows us that a government that has the demeanor of being good does not mean that it is good.though this ending is powerful, it does not completely satisfy or give whatever development to its readers. Burgess offers us no real answers, however. At the end of the 20th chapter, it is clear that Alex intends to resume his life of ultraviolence. Seemingly little imagination is given to those he has k illed, or those he is likely to kill (Newman 68). The ending of chapter twenty shows its readers that Alex is aw be that he is in fact cured and will continue to act the same as he at a time did at the introduction of the story. Earlier in the story, Alex kills two women before being sentenced to prison. Since these deaths were precise brutal, readers expect remorse from Alex especially when he is unconditioned from the reclamation treatment. Because Alex is released from the hurt of the Ludovico technique, we predict he will regret the actions that caused the torment. When Alex does not show every actions towards his past transgressions, we envision him to kill again.As a result, this conclusion gives the readers no sort of progress throughout the events before. Since Alex was obligate into changing his im honourable actions, he never made all cash advance in his own power. Even though readers can recognize that the treatment is im honourable, they can still operate that Ale x is not making any progress. He was forced into a solicitude to be a test subject of something that had the appearance of being good. Although he is now three years older from when he was first sentenced, Alex ends where he at one time started, a child. In order for him to grow as a person, he first must realize that his actions are wrong. In the added twenty-first chapter, Alex encounters one of his old droogs and becomes aware of his transgressions and reanalyzes where his priorities are. As a result, the conclusion of the story surrounds Alexs character and the maturity he begins to embrace. But now as I end this story, brothers, I am not young, not no longer, oh no. Alex like groweth up, oh yes (Burgess 204).As Alex starts to distinguish his developing maturity, he finds himself evaluating what adulthood requires. In chapter 21, Burgess presents a mellowing, increasingly reflective, eighteen-year-old Alex who is coming to see that this introductory violent behavior was childishly perverse. He thinks of marriage, stability, and the son he one day hopes to have. He contemplates explaining to his son all his past crimes as an disapproval (Hong 34). As Alex begins to become bored with the violence and rape he had antecedently committed, he reaches a place in his life where he has never been to before. Before the Ludovico treatment, Alex was a criminal and a child who needed to be cured from the sickness that grew within him. Even though Alex rejoices saying he was cured, he was not cured from his real problem his evil ways. In order for him to be truly cured of his old desires, he require to choose for himself to turn from what he once was. Through his experience with the Ludovico technique, Alex reaches the fruition that part of growing up is turning from what has prevented his attainment. Free to will and forfeit to choose again, even if he wills to sin, Alex is capable of salvation. In the view of Burgess, all individuals, even these as violen t as Alex, could reform and acquire the moral growth. The moral maturity comes with age (Hong 34).Though Alex did not show any signs of remorse or regret, he showed the desire to improve to a high level of maturity. Something that he was unable to do at the end of chapter twenty, Alex is no longer immune to salvation. Regardless of the intensity and degree of the crimes Alex has committed, he has a chance to abye and break throw overboard from what has been chaining him down his whole life. This provides improvement in Burgesss main character, as Alex can last choose for himself what he must accomplish in order to mature as a man. Character development is clearly necessary for Burgess as he expresses, There is, in fact not ofttimes spot in writing a novel unless you can show the possibility or moral transformation, or an increase in wisdom, operating(a) in your chief character or characters (Burgess 168). Through the ending of chapter twenty-one, Alex displays progression in hi s character. If the novel ends at chapter twenty, Alex is right where he began.Once Alex has firm to choose goodness and maturity, the story finally reaches what the readers have been striving to see. As Alex finally looks to turn to the next chapter in his life, the book comes to a point where hope is finally achieved. When man has reached a hopeless impasse in his savage quest for improvement, he must cite the sensible moral choice. The individual is a creature of growth and capable of sweetness, as F. Alexander puts in his typescript, so he could be liberated or saved (Hong 34). Liberation comes from someone who chooses to become saved from the thing that once was holding that person down. As he made this choice he matured as a character. If Alex were to not make this choice, the main theme would not be as impactful since he did not choose goodness. Alex once displayed his view on goodness in the novel stating, They dont go into what is the cause of goodness, so why of the other shop? If lewdies are good thats because they like it, and I wouldnt interfere with their pleasures, and so of the other shop.And I was patronizing the other shop (Burgess 46). Alex shows us evil, just like goodness, is a choice when he refers it as the other shop. again later in prison, the chaplain tells Alex, goodness comes from within. Goodness is something chosen (Burgess 93). This statement has no meaning to Alex unless he himself chooses goodness. Although Alex chose the Ludovico treatment, he did not choose goodness. The conditioning forced Alex into goodness rather than him choosing it for himself. The chaplain then goes on further to say, when a man cannot choose he ceases to be a man (Burgess 93). Burgess desires to request that it is not what a man chooses it is the idea that he is able to choose. A man who is incapable of a moral choice can never attain redemption, but a man who admits his wrongdoings can choose to repent and reach salvation.Throughout the story, excuse will is displayed as the decision to choose something rather than being another subject or machine of the government. Although Alex lastly seems as if he will begin to choose goodness, Burgess wants to make sure that goodness is something that must be chosen, rather than forced. In A Clockwork Orange Resucked, Burgess shows his readers that good and evil must both be equally offered. by definition, a human being is endowed with free will. He can use this to choose between good and evil. If he can only perform evil, then he is a clockwork orange meaning that he has the appearance of an organism lovely with colour and juice but is in fact only a clockwork toy to be wound up by God or the Devil (ACO Resucked 168). As Alex was once a toy wound up by the appearance of pure goodness, readers soon find that evil was what turned the lever. At the ascendent of the story, it appears that Alex is already a clockwork orange as he seems as though he can only perform evil acts wi th his henchman.As the end draws near, we find that Alex always had the choice of goodness, but never chose it until he had nix but the choice of goodness. Burgess again expresses, It is inhuman to be all told good as it is to be totally evil. The important thing is moral choice. Evil has to exist along with good, in order that moral choice may operate. Life is sustained by the grinding opposition of moral entities (ACO Resucked168). Without evil as a valid choice, the choice to be good becomes nothing more than an empty action. In the novel, Alex too refers to himself as one of those malenky machines at the end of chapter twenty-one, saying being young is like being one of those machines. He goes on and says that they cannot control where they are going and barge in into things along the way. Alex comes to the realization that he does not want to be a toy anymore. Without the twenty-first chapter, Alex would still be a clockwork orange, leaving him as just another machine.Not on ly does the twenty-first chapter accomplish the moral philosophy of both maturity and goodness, it also resonates for readers as a symbolism for free will. The twenty-first chapter is necessary for Alexs character development as well, and achieves greater emotional value for its readers. According to Burgess, the choice of either goodness or evil is something that everyone should be entitled to. Regardless of what someone chooses, goodness or evil should be chosen in order to remain a human. For a human who does not have a choice, grrr grrr grrr and off it itties, like walking, O my brothers (Burgess 203).Works CitedBurgess, Anthony. A Clockwork Orange. Ed. Andrew Biswell. Res. ed. New York W. W. Norton & Company, 2012. Print. Burgess, Anthony. A Clockwork Orange Resucked. A Clockwork Orange Authoritative Text Backgrounds And Contexts Criticism. Ed. Mark Rawlinson. Norton Critical. New York W. W. Norton & Company, 2011. 166-70. Print. Hong, Liu. The Perplexing Choice In Exis tence Predicament An Existential explanation Of Burgesss A Clockwork Orange. Studies In Literature & linguistic process 1.8 (2010) 29-38. Communication & Mass Media Complete. Web. 7 Dec. 2013. Newman, Bobby. A CLOCKWORK ORANGEBurgess and Behavioral Interventions. Behavior and Social Issues 1.2 (1991) 61-69. Web. 13 Dec. 2013.

Historical Movie Review: Troy

Although the movie focuses more on the war and not so much on the classical gods we still know why the war is started. The movie takes place in 1250 B. C. E. During the bronze Age. After Paris, a trojan prince, convinces Helen, the Queen of Sparta, to leave her husband Menelaus and come back with him to troy a war is started. When Menelaus finds out his wife has been taken by Trojan he asks his brother Agamemnon to help him get his wife back. Agamemnon wants power so he decides to help his brother. They take 1,000 ships and 50,000 classicals to troy weight to complete their task.With Achilles help the Greeks argon able to fight the Trojan that boast not once been conquered. still they are stopped by Hector who is the Prince of troy weight and the conflicts set down. One of the general errors the movie had was the costumes. The equipments the Greeks are shown having much(prenominal) as the large round shields and Achilles helmet are from the Classical period. They use costu mes from the 5-4th centuries BC. The time period when the epic poem was company is earlier and in that time period the Greeks used small concave helmets and light leather shields in the shape of the number eight.Also the umbrella used to shelter Paris and Helen during the parade in troy is modern, and we know this because of the coat spokes that were probably not invented yet. The necklaces worn by the actors gather in modern clasps and the womens airings consider French hooks that most Bronze Age Jewelry didnt have. ulterior on when King Prima is showing Paris the sword of troy we see a close-up view of the blade and it looks corresponding steel or polished iron the like a parcel out of the weapons in the movie. barely in the Trojan War we are still in the Bronze Age and iron weapons wouldnt have been available yet.There were other mistakes the directors made such as the change of hair style for Helen when she is going back to the ships. then(prenominal) when Patrols fig hts Hector in Achilles arms, Hector stabs him in the chest which would leave a wound UT when Achilles goes to fight Hector in the same armor no marks are see. Along with the errors of costumes there are errors in geography and the setting of the movie. In the scene where the Achaean fleet is seen villagers from the countryside begin to come into the city. Among the animals being lead there are llamas.It is geographically haywire because llamas are from South America and they did not exist in Troy. more than than once the sun is seen rising over the sea only when that is not accurate because the sun rises in the east and the sea around Troy is in the north and west. Then the boy who is sent to find Achilles refers to Vagarious as the Thessalonians because he is from Thessaly but Thessalonians are people from the Greek city of Thessalonians which was settled 1000 long time after the battle of Troy. Therefore the boy shouldnt have known or used the term Thessalonians.There are man y diachronic events that the film Troy captures. It is amazing how many scenes the director got right but there are also many historical inaccuracies in the movie. When the Greek leaders are lining up to offer gifts to Agamemnon, one of them is carrying a red-figured vase. Red-figure pottery which was made of red clay with a black glass in was not made until the 5th century which was later. Then iron weapons were root used by the Philistines around 11000 BC which was a couple of years after the Trojan War making it impossible for the Trojan to have used this type of new technology in the war.Overall I thought Troy was a very exciting and engaging movie. I usually dont wait action or thriller movies but this one actually seemed interesting. I like learning about Greek gods and Greek mythology and this movie incorporated somewhat of it. I got to see a different side of it. I desire the way each warrior was represented and the different attitudes each were given. I didnt like the fact that they didnt add a title bit more of the Greek gods themselves and the story behind it.Each actor played their role to the fullest in my opinion. I could connect with each one and they allowed for an moving emotional experience. I was sorry at times and happy at others. When Achilles goes to fight the movie got a little slow with all their talking beforehand. Et movie flowed together salubrious and I understood the plot. The scenes leading up to the apogee and after the climax were both good quality not like other movies where the travel action becomes vague and uninteresting. I would recommend this movie to a lot of people.

Providing visual support Essay

Nancy is 24 year former(a) women and a ho part wife by profession. She is disabled by behave and totally dependant on wheelchair. She stays with her husband, who is software professional and busy most of the time. Being a ho aimwife, Nancy has vey bitty technology knowledge and finds it adeptrous to use technology spontaneously. Nancy doesnt want her disability to become her weakness and wants to clip springtime care a normal housewife, like cooking for her husband, washables utensils etc. She wants a kitchen which is universally designed and where she should be able to work strongly like a normal person with ease of use and learning being her first priority.How should an interior designer design a universally designed kitchen keeping in mind people like Nancy? Making the height of the kitchen cabinet, Cook top, Microwave stand accessible by wheelchair. Having an adjustable-height cabinets, discount dish out all drug users to use them effectively. Also customizable d esign which can be changed based on user preferences also makes design effective and more usable. Having a removable sink and drying rack will give sufficient shoes for food preparation. This can again be re-fitted as and when required.Thus giving flexibility to people like Nancy or emeritus aged people, who cant stand and cook. Foldable cabinet doors at a lower place cooktop, providing sufficient knee space. Providing visual support can also help users to use kitchen more easily and effectively. Voice based support in kitchen can also be a good idea, thus make design accessible for people with low vision. Automated dishwasher or microwave governing body can help them easily placing dish without oft effort. allows see some examples of universally designed kitchens portion 3.He is a retired professional and stays alone in his 2 bedroom apartment which is on the 10th appall. He finds it difficult to walk of life and climb stairs and also have sight problem. Rodney has v ery little technology knowledge and finds it difficult to remember things, due to his growing age. He depends on electronic wheelchair most of the time. He needs an elevation system in his apartment which can accommodate his wheelchair also, making his life well-to-do at this age.How can we make a universally designed aerodynamic lift? Increasing the width of the elevator hence giving ample space to use wheelchairs and thus making it approachable Big display screen, which displays the floor details big and clear, thus accommodating people like Rodney to use it with ease Voice based support system, which informs the user which floor the user is in, can also help the disabled user to use them effectively. Lets see example of a universally designed elevator ConclusionIrrespective of age, ability or disability and situations, every has the adept to effectively use any products or services, hence designers should always be conscious about this fact and implement their design ideas to serve one and everyone. This is what universal design means.Bibliography http//idea.ap.buffalo.edu/ http//www. design. ncsu. edu/cud/about_ud/udprincipleshtmlformat. htmltop Frascara J. , (1997), User-Centred Graphic target Mass Communication and Social Change, Taylor Francis, London

Chick Lit Genre Analysis

A garter in a chick lit entertain is typically a self-critical female with unreasonably high expectations. In 24-Karat Kids, a novel by Dr. Judy Goldstein and Sebastian Stuart, Shelley is hired as a pediatrician at a ritzy Upper East Side office. She quickly realizes that she doesnt look like the other women that work, or visit the office everyday. Shes very critical of her own appearance, Staring back at me was a plain, tubby young fair sex with an absurdly garish scarf or so her neck (Goldstein 12). Shelly isnt built like the other females and wasnt raised wealthy.She is unreason adequate to(p) to expect herself to look exactly like the others and fit in instantly. She critiques her body in every mirror she passes and quickly adopts a fastidious diet Id been on the only diet that worked for me famishment (Goldstein 30). In order to fit her unreasonably high expectation of achieving the undefiled body, she goes to extreme lengths. Shelley has been in a serious relationship f or over cardinal years with a man named Arthur. He has a secure job, is cordial and compassionate and has recently proposed. The two begin apartment hunting and bobble upon a nice unit in Brooklyn.Shelly used to love Brooklyn out front she started her new job. When Arthur pressures her to sh ar her opinion on the apartment she wonders, Why did my forefront keep racing back to the Upper East Side, to Dr. Marge and Amanda stroller and Christina Allen, to a world filled with wealth, excitement and glamour (Goldstein 53). Her current life-style just isnt good enough for her anymore. She wants the luxury her clients and coworkers experience. Although she has a fiance many dream of having and the chance to move in to a favourable apartment, she cant settle for anything less than the best.Chick lit books are typically written in world-class person to allow the protagonist to analyze and share her opinions on all matters. Shelley and her fiance Arthur go apartment hunting a week after Arthurs proposal. They have never lived together before and Shelley is hesitant to oblige. Arthur is pressuring her to sign a lease and she thinks, In many ways I was just beginning my life and the stem of giving up my independence seemed, I dont know, rushed. Couldnt it wait until we were married (Goldstein 30).Since the book is written in first person, Shelley is able to let the lector in on exactly what is going done her head. She doesnt really want to move in, but cant tell Arthur that. If she wasnt able to share her though process with the reader then bulk would think Shelley was actually okay with this relationship milestone. subsequently in the week Shelley meets her new boss. She has an image in her head of what she expects the woman will look like but over analyzes her when they meet for the first time anyways she looked as if she should have been out shopping on capital of Wisconsin Avenue.Somewhere in her fifties, she had frosted blonde hair and expert, subtle makeup, and was have on high heels and a belted magenta jumpsuit that accentuate her precise waist. Definitely the most glamorous doctor I had ever seen (Goldstein 14). Shelley describes what people are wearing in excessive detail all the time. She frequently make a judgment about their personality based on their outward appearance and always shares these with the reader. Her thorough analysis of the other characters allows readers to win a better understanding of how everyone in the novel interacts.

Fms 100 Midterm Review

FMS 100 Mid condition go off You should be familiar with the games of all the engages we watched in class. You should also be familiar with the briny ideas from The deoxidi cliqueing Edge documentary. More bothwhere, anything discussed in class in the lectures could be on exam. You will fork up to answer 50 multiple choice items. Review Chapter 1 Looking at Movies Cinematic Language The accepted systems, methods, or customs by which photographs communicate. Cinematic conventions ar flexible they ar not rules.Difference between icon, film, cinema Film is applied to a motion check that is considered by critics and scholars to be more serious or challenging. Movies entertain the tidy sum at the multiplex. Cinemas be considered to be works of art Shot cardinal uninterrupted run of the camera. edit The process by which the editor combines and coordinates single(a) picnics into a cinematic whole the basic creative force of cinema. Cut A direct change from angiotensin-conv erting enzyme shot to another. Close-up A shot that often shows a part of the body filling the frame&8212traditionally a face, but possibly a hand, eye, or mouth. delimit Fadeout/ glide by in, when is it utilize? Transitional devices in which a shot fades in from a black field on black-and-white film or from a color field on color film, or fades out to a black field. These are used to convey a passage of quantify between scenes. Define Low-angle shot, when is it used? A shot that is made with the camera below the action and that typically places the observer in a panorama of inferiority. wherefore is cutting on action beta? Cutting on action is important because it hides the instantaneous and potentially jarring shift from one camera view brain to another.What is cultural invisibility? Is it al shipway calculated? pagan Invisibility is used by a filmmaker to make the movie more appealing by implying certain shared beliefs with the viewers without them knowing. What is the co nflict between implicit and explicit meaning? Implicit meaning An conclusion that a viewer makes on the basis of the given (explicit) meaning conveyed by the invoice and stock of a film. Explicit meaning Everything that a movie presents on its surface. How do viewer expectations relate to viewership of a film? What is ballock analysis?Define theme (motif), dollies in, continuance, point of view What type of election approaches to established analysis does the book highlight? Comparative cultural analysis. Chapter 2 Principles of Film Form What are elements that make up film motley? Mise-en-scene, sound, story, redact, shots, sequences and scenes. What is the difference between form and content? Form the means by which that subject is expressed and experienced. Content the subject of an ar bothrk. How do expectations play into film form? What is a MacGuffin?Which conductor came up with the term? MacGuffin refers to an object, document, or enigmatical deep down a story tha t is of vital importance to the extensions. Alfred Hitchcock came up with the term What are patterns? Why are important? How is editing used to construct patterns? Three fundamental principles of film form? Movies depend on light, movies appropriate an deception of movement, and movies manipulate space and quantify in unique ways Persistence of vision The process by which the human brain retains an construe for a fraction of a second longer than the eye records it.Phi phenomenon the legerdemain of movement created by events that succeed each other rapidly, as when two adjacent lights flash on and off alternately and we jar againstm to see a single light shifting back and forth. Critical in potbellydescence fusion Occurs when a single light flickers on and off with much(prenominal) speed that the individual pulses of light fuse together to give the illusion of continuous light. Mediation The process by which an agent, structure, or other formal element, whether human or tech nological, transfers something from one place to another.Freeze frame When a liquid project is shown on-screen for a period of time Realism An interest in or concern for the actual or real. Anti-Realism an interest in or concern for the abstract, speculative, or fantastic. Verisimilitude A convincing appearance of truth. Chapter 3 Types of Movies What is communicatory? Narrative is a story, narrative is a type of movie, narrative is a way of structuring fictional or fictionalized stories presented in narrative films, narrative is a broader concept that both includes and goes beyond any of these applications.Types of Movies Narrative Movies (tell stories), Documentary Movies (record the real), data-based Movies Documentary Movies Key types factual films (present people, places, or processes in straightforward ways meant to entertain and instruct without influencing audiences), instructional films (educate viewers about normal interests, quite an than persuading them to accept p articular ideas), persuasive films (addresses social injustices), propaganda films (systematically disseminate deceptive or distorted information), direct cinema (eschew interviews and even limit the use of fabricators).Experimental films what are they? What are some of their common qualities? What are Hybrid Movies? The cross-pollination among experimental, documentary, and narrative movies. An suit of this is Borat, which is a documentary/narrative fusion. What is definition of literary literary genre? The categorization of narrative films by the stories they tell and the ways they tell them. How are films categorized? They are characterized by the form and content. What are genre conventions? Aspects of storytelling such as pass off themes and situations, setting, character types, and story formula, as well as aspects of presentation and optic style. paper formulas (the way a movies story is structured&8212its plot), character types, setting (where a movies action is locat ed and how that milieu is portrayed), presentation, stars Six Major American Genres Gangster (striving for the American dream), Film Noir (classic scout movie), Science Fiction, Horror (frightening), The Western, The Musical Evolution and transformation of genre Writers and directors, recognizing genres narrative, thematic, and aesthetic potential, blend ingredients gleaned from multiple styles in an attempt to find out exciting new hybrids.What is generic transformation? The process by which a particular genre is adapted to meet the expectations of a changing society. offer you identify how a genre has transformed perpetuallyyplace time? Comic-book movies have grown darker and more effects-laden since the modern genres birth. Mixed genre Blending seemingly incompatible genres. Chapter 4 Elements of Narrative What is narrative? The Story What is narration? The act of telling the story What is narrator? Who or what tells the story Who/what is the primary narrator in all films? The camera is the primary narrator in every movie.First person narrator A character in the narrative who typically imparts information in the form of voice-over narration. Voice over narration When we hear a characters voice over the picture without actually seeing the character speak the words. Direct-address A form of narration in which an on-screen character looks and speaks directly to the audience. Third-person narrator Narration delivered by a narrator who is not a character in the movie. omniscient narration provides any characters experiences and perceptions, as well as information that no character knows.Restricted narration Limits the information it provides the audience to things cognise only to a single character. What two essential elements does virtually every film narrative depend on? A character pursue a goal. Round Character A complex character possessing numerous, subtle, repressed, or contradictory traits. Flat Character Exhibit few distinct traits and do not ch ange significantly Protagonists, anti-heroes, antagonists Three Act Structure What is the familiar world? Narrative Structure Schematic piece of ass you identify the elements within the three acts?What are the purposes of the three acts? What does a screenwriter do? Do you understand the differences and similarities between story and plot? (Use Fig. 4. 2 to help you) Diegesis/diegetic elements versus non diegetic elements Can you identify examples? Backstory Story order versus plot order. Which one of these can be manipulated? Why? Two categories of Events Duration Story duration, plot duration, screen duration do you know the difference between these? Relationship between plot duration and story duration is it stable or unstable? Why?Relationship between screen duration and plot duration thick relationship vs. real time vs. stretch relationship What is Cinematic time? Suspense versus Surprise define the difference, example? Define Repetition, familiar image wherefore are th ey used? Define Setting, scope Chapter 8 Editing Define Editing, what is it? Why is it important? Cutting and Splicing definition manual of arms process vs. digital process Lev Kuleshov and the Kuleshov effect what is it? Who is he? Why is it important? What is job description and goals of the Film Editor?What are the editors responsibilities? 3 items, do you understand what these mean? Define flashback, flash-forward when are they used? Define Ellipsis Why is it used? Define montage why is it used? Why is rhythm important? Define content loop Define Continuity and Discontinuity editing When are they used? Which is more common? Why? Why is continuity editing used? Master shot Technique Define coverage, master shot, why are these important for editing? Screen Direction define screen direction, clxxx-degree system, axis of action Is 180 degree a rule or a convention?Is it ever broken? Define Reverse-Angle Shot Continuity Editing Techniques shot/ bend shot, match cuts, match -on-action cut, graphical match cut, eye-line match cut, parallel editing (crosscutting), intercutting, point-of-view editing Transitions between shots Define jump cut, fade-in fade-out, dissolve, wipe, iris shot (iris in, iris out), freeze-frame, fragmentise screen, (make sure you understand why they are used) Chapter 5 Mise-en-Scene What is mise-en-scene in fiber to movies? The two visual components of mise-en-scene. devise and Composition define them.Understand why they are important to mise-en-scene. Is Mise-en-scene planned or unplanned? Why? What is the purpose of visualise? Who is the production innovationer? What does he or she do? Who is the art director? When was it common to have an art director? Why did it change? come upon the importance of previsualization done by the director and production designer Elements of Design setting, decor, and properties lighting costume, makeup, hairstyle Define setting, on location, decor, props (properties), and soundstage In ea rly Hollywood, did they pick to shot on location or on a set?Why? What do production designers do with regard to lighting? Define chiaroscuro Costumes why are they important? Are they always accurate to the diachronic setting and period? Makeup Why have stars have a contemporary look even during diachronic films? Who is Max Factor? Hairstyles and historical accuracy International Styles of Design What is German Expressionism? What is the first great German Expressionist film? Which genres has it influenced?British Films, Italian Neorealism, Japanese Films basic characteristics of design Define Composition why is it important? Define proposes, framing, reframing, moving frame, point of view Define viewfinder Define off-screen space and on-screen space can you describe their relationship? Define open and closed framing when and why are they used? What is Kinesis? When do we perceive movement (2 ways) Define figure Define Blocking

Political Power Essay

A gets B to do something that he or she would non otherwise do. Does this make sense up the essence of semi governmental origin? governmental analysis provide be defined quite simply as the analysis of the nature, maintain and distri neverthelession of agent.1 This tune is criticised of being too broad, excluding almost nothing, notwithstanding it is reasonable to argue that business leader is the central theme which lies throughout the direct of politics. wherefore defining the excogitation of agent is peerless of the crucial things in the study of politics consequently it is often contested and hindquarters neer be see to itd among the scholars. This essay result focus on supposed the baptisterys of position controversy in the post war out-of-the-way(prenominal)gon period. First of all, the mentation which consists of the first and basic part in interpreting proponent will be introduced. Then what its critiques argue and their flaws will also be discussed to drop back the conclusion how far the argument A gets B to do something that he or she would not otherwise do reflects the essence of reason.The faces of power tump over was raised from different theoretical traditions and approaches to political analysis. Basically the argument is rough whether the concept of power is simple and quantifiable or it is rather abstruse and intuitive concept which cannot be measured. Lukes2 acknowledges that this concept can never be settled. Alternatively he accepts the broad definition of power as As ability to get B to do what he or she would not otherwise imbibe done but tries to highlight 3 different ways in which A can work out Bs behaviour end-making, agenda-setting and thought control.The one face of power power as decision-making was suggested by Dahl in the early post war years. The thesis put forward supra was originally proposed by him and this elongate view of power was significant and influential in 1950s. condition is in some manner about getting things done, and is therefore most clearly reflected in decision and how they are made.3 For Dahl, in order to find out power relationship, three steps are needed. First, a number of decision areas are selected and then the actors voluminous in that decision and their interests are figured out. at long last by comparing the decisions made and the actors preferences, the power relationship can be revealed. In this sense power is understood as a concept which can be simplified and quantified.A clear example was shown in? governmental Analysis? Anna buys Bens car for 500 which is actually expense 800 and both of them are aware of the real value. In this object lesson, Annas power has been exercised over Ben in terms of decision-making since this decision would not drop been the case if he had an influence in the process. One of the critical assumptions here is that the actors involved are fully aware of the in miscellanyation. Anna could have made this deal without exerting power if Ben did not know the real value. This argument of power as a decision-making does often make sense in tripartite political frame where a number of different parties exercise their influence on polemical issues. In this case it is obvious to see the frequency of a item partys preference coincides with the final decision. Thus, how far they have influence on decision-making can be understood in terms of their political power. notwithstanding Dahls argument faces critical attack in a sense that it too focuses on its narrow concept of power in decision-making. First of all, since only the key decisions are studied, it raises the problem of how far we are capable of distinguishing key issues and routine issues which are often ignored. Moreover, it does not take the potential power into account. In this manner, the power which is not exerted cannot be regarded as power. For instance, some business groups would not be concerned with the well-being issues until they realise the increased burden for welfare tax. Then it might be practicable for them to begin exercising their power which has not been exercised without any unmistakable need for it. Also as assumed from its name, it only uncovers one face of power ignoring other circumstances in which decisions are prevented from happening, the area of non-decision-making.4 This gave a advancement to the second face of power argument by Bachrach and Baratz.According to their view, power should be understood as agenda-setting which is the two dimensional approach. Power might be manifested not only in doing things but also in ensuring that things do not get done.5 What they basically insist is that power is exercised in choosing what should be involved in dinner gown discussion and what should not be. In other words, who holds the power needs to be understood in agenda-setting process before the actual decision-making process. In this way, they have broadened the boundary in the concept o f power. This kind of approach is well shown in the liberal democratic system where parties are seen as the medium of representing a particular preference on issues. However they can actually jampack a certain kind of issue to be discussed by handle it or make an agreement not to raise the issue.It is difficult to limit the concept of power from this approach nonetheless not impossible. Thus they agree with the one-dimensional approach in a sense that there should be observable and demonstrable evidence of power relationship between the one who exercise power and the other who are subject to the power. However the flack to limit the concept of non-decision-making to observable behaviour is entirely arbitrary6 since it does not take in the case in which the subordinated do not recognise themselves as being subordinated. Consequently this problem gave a rise to the third-dimensional view introduced by Lukes.According to his argument, the basic assumption of the above two views is not quite right. What spate believe as their interests does not necessarily mean their real interests. The ability of A to exercise power over B, not by getting B to do what he would not otherwise do, but, by influencing, shaping or determining his precise wants7 What is meant here is that power lies in shaping peoples consciousness rather than their actions. In other words, without forcing them to do something visibly it is possible to make them do regarding that as natural and beneficial for them. This can be true where peoples preferences are often influenced by accessible experiences such as culture, education and media and these can be manipulated by those who have the power. In this way it naturally leads to the concept of false consciousness which reflects the thought that people are prevented from recognizing the fact of its own exploitation8However Lukes argument also faces severe criticism. Back in the example of Anna and Ben, the critical floor is not in the fact tha t Anna forced Ben to do something that he would not otherwise do, but in the fact that Ben behaved in a way which is contrary to his genuine interest. This raises a problematic point that who is to know Bens real interests. In effect,It is impossible to argue that peoples perceptions and preferences are a delusion, that their felt needs are no their real need, without a standard of truth against which to judge them.9In this sense this see become meaningless since there is no scientific method which to prove and make an absolute judgement over this. what is more it is contested that nobody is capable of distinguishing the autonomous decision based on real interests and the one based on felt interests being manipulated from powerful.To conclude, the debate over the concept of power has been developed from the shallow one dimensional understanding to a more intuitive and complex three dimensional one. It cannot be said that the effort of developing it into more sophisticated form has always been successful. However through this process, it is true to say that the concept of power has been understood from various approaches which enabled better understanding. Nevertheless the important point to credit line is that the latter has never attempted to replace or deny the causation approach since no single argument can define the political concept of power by its own. Rather, it has its root in the former argument and tries to make it more convincing. From this point of view, power is definitely something which enables A gets B to do something that he or she would not otherwise do. Therefore on one hand, it is possible to say that the essence of power lies in this argument to a certain extent but there can be plural ways depending on approaches in doing so. (1,419 words)ReferencesClegg, S.R. (198911) Frameworks of Power. London clear-sighted Publications Ltd.Hay, C. (2002168) political Analysis A critical institution. Basingstoke Palgrave.Heywood, A. (2004122, 12 4, 125, 127 and 128) Political conjecture An introduction (3rd edn). Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.Goverde, H. et al. (eds) (200026) Power in modern Politics. London shrewd Publications Ltd.BibliographyClegg, S.R. (1989) Frameworks of Power. London SAGE Publications Ltd.Goodwin, B. (1997) Using political ideas (4th edn). Chichester John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Goverde, H. et al. (eds) (2000) Power in Contemporary Politics. London SAGE Publications Ltd.Hay, C. (2002) Political Analysis A critical introduction. Basingstoke Palgrave.Heywood, A. (2004) Political possible action An introduction (3rd edn). Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.McLean, I. & McMillan, A. (2003) Oxford concise dictionary of Politics (2nd edn). Oxford Oxford University Press.1 Hay, C. (2002168) Political Analysis A critical introduction. Basingstoke Palgrave.2 Heywood, A. (2004122) Political theory An introduction (3rd edn). Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.3 Heywood, A. (2004124) Political theory An introduction (3rd edn). Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.4 Heywood, A. (2004125) Political theory An introduction (3rd edn). Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.5 Clegg, S.R. (198911) Frameworks of Power. London SAGE Publications Ltd.6 Goverde, H. et al. (eds) (200026) Power in Contemporary Politics. London SAGE Publications Ltd.7 Heywood, A. (2004127) Political theory An introduction (3rd edn). Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.8 Heywood, A. (2004128) Political theory An introduction (3rd edn). Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.9 Heywood, A. (2004128) Political theory An introduction (3rd edn)). Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.

The Funeral Mask of King Tutankhamen

Perhaps one of the most amazing finds in Egyptian archeology is the tomb of King Tutankhamen. Howard Carter, the archaeologist whose subsequent death provide speculation of the actuality of the mummys curse, discovered it in 1923 (Tutankhamun, par. 2). Most well up known because it was commodiously intact at the time of its opening, the site gives newfangled viewers a rargon insight into the life and death of a pharaoh.Today, the tomb remains shrouded in fascination as people completely over the world visit displays of the artifacts retrieved from the crypt. fit to the National Gallery of Art, archaeologists retrieved cardinal items from the site, and among the items, King Tutankhamens Funeral Mask is possibly the most recognized (par. 1). It is too the most stunning example of Egyptian art recovered from the tomb.The disguise of King Tutankhamen, better known as King Tut, is a crowing headpiece with the face of the young king, worn over the head and shoulders of the deceas ed. The wide- make do mask is made of solid gold with inlaid high crosspatch and stones that make horizontal lines on the right and left sides of the head, down to the shoulders. This blue and gold striped headdress, also known as a nemes, which is a purple head cloth to be worn only by the antediluvian patriarch kings (Death Mask, cap. 1).On the forehead portion of the nemes are 2 small statuettes, one of a vulture and another of a cobra. According to experts, the vulture, Nekhbet, and the cobra, Wadjet, protected the pharaoh (Death Mask, par 1). On the back, the lines of the nemes converge at the bottom, in the center. The piece spares no detail, including the eyeliner worn by the antediluvian patriarch king.As a piece of Egyptian art, the Funeral Mask shows masterful use of the elements of design. The use of tinct is simply exquisite. Blue, gold, red and black, which comprise the piece, are still colors translator of royalty today. The use of line and space on the side s and collar create the illusion that the young king was large and imposing. In addition, the level of equipoise and remainder in the piece is textbook. However, perhaps the most overtly stringy element in the piece is the use of symbols.Iconography and symbols are key to fellow feeling the artists and the subject. The shape of this mask itself is reminiscent of the cobra, ostensibly defendative of his power and fierceness. Also, the lines along the sides of the nemes seem to reflect the image of sunrays. In fact, it appears as if the rays of the sun were radiate from the kings face. The sun deity did play a large role in ancient Egyptian religion, but it is also mathematical that this represents the artists love of their young pharaoh.The most obvious symbols on the mask are of the cobra and vulture. Other than their use for King Tuts protection, they may also represent his adherence to the old religions. According to Britannica Encyclopedia, serpent, vulture, and sphinx are a ll motif symbols tied(p) up with such religious cults as the cult of the pharaohs and the gods and the cult of the deathly (par. 2).Considering the animals religious affiliation, and the fact that Tutankhamen spent his short reign reestablishing the various god religions of the past, one must speculate as to the animals religious significance as well (Tutankhamun, par. 5). Perhaps these two particular animals were representatives of the gods that the pharaoh worshiped.Above all, these artists give the public opinion of adoration for King Tutankhamen in the medium chosen. The entire work is comprised of wanted metals and stones that are historically synonymous with wealth and power. Goldsmiths spent a swell deal of time refining and molding the metal, while small stones were cut and polished by hand to fit together almost seamlessly in the piece.Today, not only would the piece be expensive to recreate, it would also be somewhat laborious. Even with the use of modern tools, the w ork would be airy at best. While it must cook been somewhat difficult to make this level of work, without these elements the image of their king would have been somewhat dimmed. Although the Funeral Mask would have been exquisite even in clay, ancient craftsmen used materials fit for a pharaoh.Furthermore, ancient artisans obviously put a great deal of bang into making their pharaohs mask a true representation of the ruler. It appears that their wish was to represent the king accurately and powerfully in the afterlife. Although their belief was that Tutankhamen would move all the elements of his tomb into the underworld, they fitted him perfectly for presentation to an audience thousands of geezerhood ulterior with all the riches one would expect to accompany such a powerful man as pharaoh of ancient Egypt. Even today, the Funeral Mask awes visitors with its royal visage.While some of the elements, such as facial features, seem in the raw on the surface and lacking realism, they are perfect in their simplicity. Thousands of years later, the artistry of the mask is virtually unmatched. Modern artists and goldsmiths would find the exact pastime of the mask difficult, if not improbable. When combined with the use of color, line, and symbols used by the ancient Egyptians, the mask is perfect.Twenty-first century artisans could not complete such an primal task more appropriately. When given the commission of designing a quasi(prenominal) piece, with the originality of this one, most artists would fail to find such a faultless balance of elements and design, which makes King Tutankhamens Funeral Mask the most superb piece of ancient Egyptian artwork found in the tomb, and perhaps even the world. kit and caboodle CitedDeath Mask of King Tutankhamun. King Tutankhamun by Wysinger. 27 sue 2007. <http//www.homestead.com/wysinger/kingtutankhamun5.html>.Jewelry. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 27 frame 2007. <http//www.bri tannica.com/eb/article-14079>.NGA Treasures of Tutankhamun. National Gallery of Art. 27 March 2007. <http//www.nga.gov/past/data/exh410.shtm>.Tutankhamun. 27 March 2007. Wikipedia.com. 27 March 2007. <http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun>.  

Advantages of working mother/housewife Essay

More disposable income Freedom to do on single-handed financial choices with own bullion Meet more mass Equal relationship Have a life out lieu of matterquartersDisadvantages of working induce Discrimination in the workplace when colleagues find you halt a youngster Risk being critisized for not being collection plate to care for tyke Less eon for yourself Problems with finding peachy child care Juggling work with sick kids Spending almost half(a) income on child care universe passed over for promotions because you cook childAdvantages of being a stay at theatre breed/ home dealr More magazine for domestic duties Easier to plan 100% time most family Able to be there for family Spend quality time with child Other parent confident when they go to work child is h unrivaledst and well cared forDisadvantages of being stay at home experience/ woman of the house*Less disposable income*Less freedom*Having to ask the bread superior for money to buy things*Being mor e financi onlyy accountable it is his money*Less money for spontaneous purchases* More bud throwing* Less opportunities for making friends*Being stigmatised as a brainless stay at home mother* Risk being undervalued by partner and friends etcThe advantages of working women generally wind around personal opportunities, both to develop in ones career and provide additional financial resources, while the cons generally begin to do with bewildered memories and fatigue. No matter whether one chooses to stay at home with ones children or work outside the home, there are definite trade-offs to consider. Mothers who pass on home each day and head to work go through the possibility of conversations with adults throughout the day beside their husbands. This gives them a higher(prenominal) degree of intellectual stimulation.They also tend to dress a infinitesimal better, putting on a professional outfit instead of donning usage clothes or jeans to face the day with their kids. Knowing that they have a busy work schedule also means that they treasure the time with their kids more, and they also have more money to help them enjoy that time. On the other hand, being a working mother means unvarying fatigue. People who face a long commute with small children delay on both sides of it feel like they never get adequate sleep. works also means miss out on approximately memories, such as playdates, first words or steps and correct school assemblies. Also, dealing with colleagues who do not read how hard all the juggling is also a frustration.AdvantagesGone are the days when mother devoted her full life for information of her children. Today, women are becoming more active, independent and prefer progress in their career sort of than been accept as just housemakers. Career oriented women lead their work in short by and by completion of their maternity leave. Many working women start the dividing line early ascribable to financial of necessity of their family . There dissolve be different reasons for women to go to work instead of staying at home. roughlytimes it is very difficult for women to go for work after delivery. In the initial flow she may feel insecure for her child.she needs to join work presently after few months of child birth. If she has someone in her family like in-laws or grand parents to look after her child, then she may feel secured for her child.Some working women need to sacrifice career if they dont have any option for taking care of their child. Many women prefer to leave their career whiles some women prefer to work from home. Some women choose to continue their job, in such case theymake some arrangement to look after their children. Women with financial problem also continue their job due to needs of family.There are many an(prenominal) advantages and disadvantages of working mother for their children.Advantage for Children of Working MotherChildren of working mother start doing their own work themselves f rom childhood as compared to children of non-working mother. Children of non-working mother depend on their mother evens for small needs. For example, if a child of non-working woman needs any toy to play, he asks his mother to give him that toy. They dumbfound fully dependant on their mother as she is easily available to them for the whole day. Children of working mother have no option and thus, they learn to do many things themselves. They become more independent and responsible in their work. Many husbands help their working spouse in household work. So when the children observe their father doing work at home and helping their mother, thus they also learn to help their parents.In this way, they female genitalia learn self awareness and discipline from early age. In addition, the children become co-operative from childhood. It is not possible for non working woman because she is expected to keep everything work for her husband and children. Therefore, children of non-working mother become more lazier and dependant on parents as compared to children of working mother. Highly educated, working parents can give better bringing up to their children. They greet to provide all necessary facilities for the ideal development of their children omitting the surplus ones. They also motivate their children to participate in different activities as they can afford such expenses due to higher family income.On the other side it business leader not possible to afford such expense for many parents, if only father is working in family. Working mother might find more affection towards her children when she comes back from her work as she missed her children for whole the day. She might feel find more attached to her kids and crime versa. Thus, mother and children become more attached to one other. Non-working mother waistcloth with her children for whole the day, therefore she doesnt find such feeling of missing her kids and children also chance ons her for gran ted. Children of working mothers become practical and more intellectual. They can prosecute wise decision themselves and become independent, confident and more active in their work.Disadvantage for Children of Working MotherSome working mothers have to take their child to childcare center as there is no one in her family tocare for child. In such case she needs to compromise in development of her kids and feels censurable for not sparing good time to appeal her kids. If a child doesnt have any siblings, sometimes he feels lonely as he has no one to express his feelings or thoughts or finds nobody to play with them. Some Working parents cannot spare good time with their children and dont have time to listen to problems of their children. Therefore, children get frustrated or depressed as they dont have anyone to share their feelings. Working mother needs to handle home and emplacement work together. Therefore, she may get tired at the end of the day. In such case she may not be a ble to understand her childrens problem and may get angry with their children if they dont listen or obey her instructions.Working mother may not be able to attend childrens school program due to hectic schedule at work or leave problems. sometimes they cannot attend parent meeting or some cultural festival evens when their kids are participating. At that time children may feel badly as they find their friends parent during such functions. It creates insecurity and guilty feeling in their child mind. Nowadays, due to economical problems and infllation, it is essential for everyone to make more efforts for good earning. In such case it is necessary for a woman to understand her responsibilities and start working to help her husband to cut back their financial crisis.Working mother should understand her childrens problem and give to solve it. You should also take help from your partner in your fooling household work. Today, it is not disgraceful for man to help his wife in househo ld work.Take active participation in your childrens development evens if you are working parents. You should listen to your kids carefully and try to understand their needs. getup your kids with love and patience. Do not get angry with your kids due to your work pressure. Keep your home and work stress separates to live happy life. exhaustively time management helps you to spare quality time with your kids. Keep updated with your kids school reports and meet their school teacher regularly to know the progress of your child.It is for sure that working mother can become the scoop up mother if she follows precise time management and behave intellectually rather than emotionally. She should feel proud that as a working mother she has the post to provide the best education and facilities to her children but at the same time she should not forget that healthy upbringing of her child is her responsibility.

Why Is the Initial Consultation so Important?

rule book count 1892 Why is the initial consultation so important? What factors lead an ethical healer cover at this date? In this examine I testament be looking at the purpose of the initial consultation, what happens during this meeting and why it is such(prenominal) an important time in the lymph gland/therapist kind. I go out endeavour to cover as more of these issues as possible in order to illustrate the importance of this initial consultation and the factors that an ethically minded therapist should cover. The initial consultation b ar(a) or non?The initial consultation may well be the approximately crucial aspect of hypnotherapy, if not all therapies. Everything from the keen the knob, social high-power to the eventual success of the therapy has a basis in this premier meeting between the guest and the therapist. Indeed, the invitees decision to appease engaged with the therapeutic process may be de preconditionined by factors from this early meeting. Th ere is some(prenominal) controversy and debate around whether the guest should be charged for the initial consultation. One thought is that charging would be below the belt if the therapist contributenot provide the sought therapy for one reason or another.A reappearance argument to this is if there is no charge guests may take wages of this un quitze session with erupt either intention to return. It could in addition be utter that a free session acts as a lure for the lymph node, implying they may feel obligated to enter into a contract with the hypnotherapist. In my opinion, the initial consultation is funda moral for the military rating of the client, in order to have a clear idea of the clients issues and needs. It would be unethical practise on the part of the therapist if this evaluation was not carried out. As hanker as this is explained to the client in the very first contact thusly it is right to charge.However I myself would prefer to offer this as a free con sultation beca subprogram I see the first session as an evaluation for both parties. It is an opportunity for the therapist to fulfil their affair of care and apprehend the clients needs before undertaking any deform with them. It is also an opportunity for the client to explore the possibility of undertaking a course of therapy without feeling any pressure to continue if they feel uncomfortable. I would however make this consultation session shorter than a usual session, to sleep with the difference.I would also have very clear boundaries around how a free consultation was administered. Some of the benefits of providing a free initial consultation are Enables you to get a feel for the client, as you will be nervus facialis gesture to face is this someone you could work with? You earth-c draw backt check that you do not be the client in any way or that you are not connected to them in a way that is inappropriate (Dual Relationship) You behind check whether they are on a ny practice of medicine, particularly anti-psychotics or anti-depressants You fag end gain an understanding of their family history that may indicate possible areas of concern. You bunghole assess their goal with them and determine whether it is obtainable You can arrange a contract for your therapy including costs and number of sessions before reviewing You can find out roughly old therapy/counselling in the past- was it fortunate, are there any therapies they didnt like? Why? You can gain an understanding of their family dynamic and living environment You can enquire as to any problems that may effect their motivation and self esteem You can assess whether you will need to run any questions by your supervisor before effect further Conveys professionalism in your field which can yet assist with world relations and instilling respect and trust in this therapy. May serve up to encourage undecided potential clients attend as what have they got to lose? Assists with b uilding trust and rapport, you are building a working relationship before the therapy starts in earnest. You can assess whether you have the skills to go leading with therapy You can explain your confidentiality policy You can assess the soulality of the person by using the assessment questionnaire therefore deciding what style of screed you could use with them You can also assess modality and obtain other culture that ou may need to create a personalised induction You can makes sure there is no sexual attr follow out between yourself and client this would undoubtedly interfere with the therapy and would be unethical practice You can take up the process of seeding the client for ready acceptance of future work Enables you time to search GP approval if that is what is needed. It could be argued that the only con that comes from crack a free initial consultation is the cost to yourself as you will have buckle undern away half an hour or so of your time for free, time t hat maybe could have been spent with a give client.It is important to note that you have to be very careful as to how you advertise and conduct free initial consultations. This is due to complex wakeless issues relating to using free products as a sales pitch. Knowing and making known The consultation process should be concerned with two primary aims knowing the person and informing the person. The latter is somewhat less involved and aims to look that the client has a clear understanding of the therapist, the nature of hypnosis, and the guidelines within which both are framed.Clients need to know that they are dealing with a deft individual, and how that person will work with them. This means that they should know the therapists qualifications (and perhaps even a method of checking them, such as a telephone number or web address) and their particular philosophy or approach to therapy. Some clients may have experience of preferred or disliked therapies. The client also needs to be clear about the nature of hypnosis, what it is and what it is not, issues regarding loss of control, revealing secrets, not coming out of a trance etc.It might be useful to send such cultivation to clients when they make their consultation appointment and then review it during the first personal meeting. As explored supra, meeting with the client for the first time is very lots concerned with adopting about them and their needs and their expectations of the possible therapy. It goes without saying that this is also a crucial time for the therapist to gather as much information to depress a successful therapeutic relationship. Information and entropy will usually be collected and added to a form that is generally referred to as a Notation.This will cover details such as Full name (also name they like to be referred to) finish and contact details (including permission to use these contact numbers etc) task G. P. name and surgery Medical history current Medication and wellness problems, addictions Relationship status Childhood brief description eg happy, average, bad puerility Hobbies/interests Problems in work life Problems in close relationships Any previous experience of Hypnotherapy or other therapies Dislikes/fears What is the clients goal and is this a long term problem/If so what brings them to therapy now Any other issues All of the above information is required if the therapist intends to work within an ethical framework. talking to the client face to face gives the therapist more information by observing body language for example and it is also an opportunity to begin to build trust and develop rapport but probably most importantly it is necessary to find out if the work requested is genuinely within the therapists professional scope.Medical history and current medication will give a good indication as to whether the client can be helped in this setting. If there is any suggestion of mental illness it could be detrimental to the client to pursue this course of action and unethical for the therapist. If in doubt the therapist has a duty to seek approval from the clients GP, informing him of the intended changes the client would like to make, and the course of therapy intended. This can only take place with the clients consent and without this the therapy cannot egin and should not. The therapist has a duty of care to refuse the client and any other action would be unethical. Some times it might be necessary to refer the client on to a more relevant professional. If the client is assessed as a outfitable candidate for hypnotherapy it is now important for the therapist to get to know the client and to begin to build a working relationship ground on mutual respect. Listening to the client, being truly present, will go a long way towards the client feeling safe and heard.Paying maintenance to the clients personality is also important, and we need to try and mirror that to a degree. For example if a client is very shy and taciturn he will feel uncomfortable if the therapist acts in a flamboyant and theatrical manner. If in telling his story the client observes facial expressions and body language that seem judgemental the client is unlikely to feel positively towards the therapist. In order to build rapport we must behave in a way that facilitates the required response, alienating the client will only serve to close down the relationship before it has even started.When actively listening to the client it is important to be empathic rather than sympathetic. This is farther more helpful as this helps the client to find a ascendant to the problem as opposed to a moment of sympathy, which the client could unremarkably get without seeking professional guidance. During this gathering of information, the therapist is able to learn more about the clients lifestyle, childhood, relationships, personality traits, likes and dislikes style and modality.With this association the therapist can craft or adapt a screed to suit that persons preferred modality and style. In learning about the client the therapist is able to help in a much more in force(p) way and is able to avoid any words and images that might be detrimental to the treatment. As rapport develops and more is revealed about the client, it might deform necessary to change the style of a screed, but it is at least a starting point that will have more relevance, than if the therapist started with a generic script.The more personalised screed is likely to have a more positive outcome. It is also useful to find out if the client has had any experience of therapies previously and if the experience was a positive one. determine out if the client has any previous knowledge, exposure or expectations of hypnosis. Do they have any fears surrounding pursuing a course of hypnotherapy? promptly is the time to discuss these issues and to try to allay any fearsthey may have. If the client has no previous experience of Hyp notherapy, use this time to educate the client about what hypnosis is and isnt.The therapist should end the initial consultation by summarising what was said, they should give a brief outline of the main points, issues and themes that the client has raised. This gives a murder picture of what was discussed and also it allows space to clear up any misunderstandings. mop up To summarise, the initial consultation is important because it gives the client and therapist chance to prise each other face to face and to decide whether they can realistically (and ethically) work with each other.There are many important factors that need to be given careful consideration before any therapy commences and the information collect (and imparted) at this time is key to gaining the knowledge required for a successful outcome, if therapy commences. References and Bibliography Chrysalis Module 3 handout The role of the Subconscious Karle and Boys Hypnotherapy, A practical Handbook (2nd edn), Free Association Books (2010) Heap and Dryden, Hypnotherapy A Handbook,Open University Press (2010)

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Chapter 6 1. Which of the side by side(p) is a purpose of the SQL standard? A)To specify syntax and semantics of SQL information definition and employment B)To specify minimal and complete standards, which permit different degrees of adoption in g wordsths C)To define the entropy structures and basic operations for SQL infobases D) any of the above firmness D direct ModeratePage ref 312 content The social function of SQL in a infobase architecture AACSB make occasion of of selective information engineering science 2. The benefits of a standardized relative vocabulary include A) use longevity. B)reduced training costs. C)cross-system communication.D) al angiotensin-converting enzyme of the above state D aim ModeratePage referee 313 thing The Role of SQL in a infobase Architecture AACSB drug abuse of entropy engineering 3. The _____ is the structure that contains commentarys of objects such as fudges and suck ups created by users. A)SQL B)schema C)catalog D) scale passel respond B level EasyPage referee 314 discipline The SQL purlieu AACSB handling of tuition engineering science, uninflected Skills 4. _____ is a strike off of didacticss used to meet a infobase, which includes credential. A)DML B)DDL C)DCL D)DPL rejoinder C take aim EasyPage ref315 issuance The SQL Environment AACSB map of schooling technology . _____ is a install of commands used to update and enquiry a database. A)DML B)DDL C)DCL D)DPL coiffure A take EasyPage referee 315 affair The SQL Environment AACSB persona of breeding engine room 6. DDL is typic tout ensembley used during which phases of the development process? A)Implementation B)Physical convention C)Analysis D) in all of the above attend B direct DifficultPage re locationer 314, 315 discipline The SQL Environment AACSB social occasion of data engineering, analytical Skills 7. The SQL command _____ defines a logical dishearten from oneness or much planks or views. A) create dishearten B)alter put back C)create view D)create relationship state C train EasyPage ref319 study Defining A selective informationbase in SQL Subtopic Generating SQL informationbase Definitions AACSB single- jimmyd function of tuition engineering science 8. Any create command may be reversed by victimization a ________ command. A)t concordcate B)drop C)delete D)unpack f be B direct EasyPage reader 319 take Defining a informationbase in SQL Subtopic Generating SQL database Definitions AACSB put on of randomness engineering science, analytical Skills 9. The first in a series of stairs to follow when creating a table is to A)identify columns that mustiness be unique. B)identify from each one(a) ascribe and its characteristics. C)create an office.D)identify columns that must be null. set B level ModeratePage referee 319 yield Defining a entropybase in SQL Subtopic Creating Tables AACSB expend of reading engine room, analytical Skills 10. The SQL c ommand _____ adds one or more sweet columns to a table. A)create table B)alter table C)create view D)create relationship closure B direct EasyPage Ref 323 motif Defining a infobase in SQL Subtopic Changing Table Definitions AACSB work of In mental straination technology, analytic Skills 11. What does the spargon- sequence activity SQL didactics do? Alter Table Customer_T supply (Type Varchar (2)) A)Alters the Customer_T table to accept Type 2 VarcharsB)Alters the Customer_T table to be a Type 2 Varchar C)Alters the Customer_T table, and adds a field c each(prenominal)ed Type D)Alters the Customer_T table by adding a 2-byte field c exclusivelyed Varchar dissolve C train ModeratePage Ref 323 head Defining a informationbase in SQL Subtopic Changing Table Definitions AACSB intake of entropy engineering science 12. What does the by-line SQL statement do? Delete from Customer_T where state = HI A)Deletes completely(a) records from node_t where the state is equal to HI B)Removes the customer_t table from the database C)Deletes al together records from the customer_t table D) no(prenominal) of the above serve well A take aim ModeratePage Ref 326 publication Inserting, Updating, and Deleting info Subtopic Deleting Database Contents AACSB design of discipline applied science, uninflected Skills 13. What does the quest SQL statement do? Update yield_T vex Unit_Price = 775 Where Product_ID = 7 A)Changes the expense of a unit called Product_T to 7 B)Changes the unit price of Product 7 to 775 C)Changes the length of the Unit_Price field to 775 D)Updates the Product_T table to nonplus a unit price of 775 dissolve B take ModeratePage Ref 327 head Inserting, Updating, and Deleting Data Subtopic Updating Database ContentsAACSB enjoyment of instruction technology, Analytic Skills 14. Which of the side by side(p) is a technique for optimizing the internal performance of the relational data model? A)Avoiding indexes on secondary keys B)Cl ustering data C)Not inform statistics to save machine re germs D) victimisation random index organizations root B direct ModeratePage Ref 327 issuance Internal scheme Definitions in Rdatabase management systems AACSB work of info applied science 15. Indexes atomic number 18 created in or so RDBMSs to A)provide a quicker way to stack away data. B)decrease the amount of disk blank space utilized. C)provide rapid random and sequential approach path to base-table data.D)increase the cost of implementation. dissolve C take ModeratePage Ref 328 effect Internal dodging Definition in RDBMSs Subtopic Creating Indexes AACSB pulmonary tuberculosis of cultivation technology 16. In an SQL statement, which of the pursual parts states the conditions for haggle assignion? A) learn B)From C)Where D)Group By say C direct EasyPage Ref 329 upshot impact adept Tables Subtopic Clauses of the SELECT Statement AACSB white plague of tuition applied science, Analytic Skills 17. What does the following SQL statement do? involve * From Customer Where Cust_Type = BestA) call fors all the handle from the Customer table for each line with a customer labeled best B) recognizes the * field from the Customer table for each row with a customer labeled best C) leases fields with a * in them from the Customer table D)Selects all the fields from the Customer table for each row with a customer labeled * swear out A aim ModeratePage Ref 329 subject ara affect individual Tables Subtopic Clauses of the SELECT Statement AACSB white plague of schooling Technology, Analytic Skills 18. What prove bequeath the following SQL statement commence? Select Avg(standard_price) as hateful(a) from product_vA)The average of all products in product_v B)The average standard_price of all products in product_v C)The average price of all products D)None of the above outcome B take aim ModeratePage Ref 331 offspring touch on Single Tables Subtopic utilise Expressions AA CSB usance of education Technology, Analytic Skills 19. Which of the following questions is answered by the SQL statement? Select Count (Product_ rendering) from Product_T A)How more products be in the Product Table? B)How many products have product descriptions in the Product Table? C)How many characters are in the field name Product_Description?D)How many different columns named product Description are in that location in table Product_T? respond B train ModeratePage Ref 331, 332 case impact Single Tables Subtopic employ Functions AACSB hire of selective information Technology, Analytic Skills 20. What ends will be produced by the following SQL query? Select sum(standard_price) as total_price from product_v where product_ typeface = WOOD A)The total price of all products that are of type wood B)The total price of all products C)The standard_price of the first wood product in the table D)The standard_price of any wood product in the table help A Level DifficultPage Re f 331 field treat Single Tables Subtopic victimisation Expressions AACSB wont of cultivation Technology, Analytic Skills 21. Which of the following calculations ONLY rows that contain a value? A)Count B)Count(*) C)Tally(*) D)Checknum suffice A Level ModeratePage Ref 331,332 effect touch on Single Tables Subtopic victimisation Functions AACSB map of cultivation Technology, Analytic Skills 22. Which of the following will produce the minimum of all standard prices? A)Select standard_price from product_v where standard_price = min B)Select min(standard_price) from product_v C)Select standard_price from min(product_v)D)Select min(standard_price) from product_v where standard_price = min(standard_price) dish up B Level ModeratePage Ref 331, 332 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Using Functions AACSB procedure of instruction Technology, Analytic Skills 23. What will result from the following SQL Select statement? Select min(product_description) from product_v A)The mini mum value of product_description will be displayed. B)An error means will be generated. C)The first product description alphabetically in product_v will be shown. D)None of the above. coif C Level DifficultPage Ref 331, 332 Topic Processing Single TablesSubtopic Using Functions AACSB practice of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 24. Which of the following is the wildcard operator in SQL statements? A) B) * C) = D) &038 react B Level EasyPage Ref 332, 333 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Using Wildcards AACSB engross of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 25. What result set will the following query return? Select item_no from effect_v where measuring > 10 A)The item_no of all magnitudes that had more than 10 items B)The order_id of all orders that had more than one item C)The order_id of all orders that had more than 10 itemsD)The item_no of all orders that had 10 or more items process A Level ModeratePage Ref 333 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic U sing Comparison Operators AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 26. Which of the following is true about the SQL statement? Select * From Product Where Quantity = 1 Or Quantity = 2 A)All fields will be selected from the Product table for products that have a sum of money of 1. B)All fields will be selected from the Product table for products that have a quantity of only 2. C)All fields will be selected from the Product table for products that have a quantity of 1 or 2.D)None of the above. reaction C Level ModeratePage Ref 333-336 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Using Boolean Operators AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 27. What result set will the following query return? Select item_no, description from item where weight > 100 and weight < 200 A)The item_no and description for all items weighing less than 100 B)The item_no for all items weighing mingled with 101 and 199 C)The item_no and description for all items weighing between 101 a nd 199 D)The item_no for all items weighing more than 200 Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 336, 337Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Using Ranges for Qualification AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 28. To eliminate replica rows in a query, the _____ qualifier is used in the SQL Select command. A)alter B)distinct C)check D)specific Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 337, 338 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Using Distinct Values AACSB Use of Information Technology 29. What result set is returned from the following query? Select customer_name, holler from customers where urban center in (Boston,New York,capital of Colorado) A)The customer_name and telephone of all customersB)The customer_name and telephone of all customers living in either Boston, New York or capital of Colorado C)The customer_name and telephone of all customers living in Boston and New York and Denver D)The customer_name of all customers living in Boston, New York or Denver Answer B Level M oderatePage Ref 339 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic IN and NOT IN with Lists AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 30. To get all the customers from Hawaii sorted together, which of the following would be used? A)Order By B)Group By C)Having D)Sort Answer A Level EasyPage Ref 339, 340 Topic Processing Single TablesSubtopic Sorting Results The ORDER BY Clause AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 31. A single value returned from an SQL query that includes an aggregate function is called a(n) A)agate. B)scalar aggregate. C)transmitter aggregate. D)summation. Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 340, 341 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Categorizing Results The theme BY Clause AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 32. duplex value returned from an SQL query that includes an aggregate function are called A)vector aggregates. B)scalar aggregates. C)agates. D)summations. Answer A Level EasyPage Ref 340, 341Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Categorizing Results The free radical BY Clause AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 33. Which of the following give notice produce scalar and vector aggregates? A)Order By B)Group By C)Having D)Sort Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 340, 341 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Categorizing Results The GROUP BY Clause AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 34. What will be returned when the following SQL statement is punish? Select number one wood_no, itemise(*) as num_deliveries from deliveries group by driver_no A)A leaning of all drivers, sorted by driver numberB)A itemization of each driver as well as the number of deliveries that he or she has do C)A count of all of the deliveries make by all drivers D)None of the above Answer B Difficulty DifficultPage Ref 340, 341 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Categorizing Results The GROUP BY Clause AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 35. What will be returned when t he following SQL statement is executed? Select driver_no, count(*) as num_deliveries from deliveries where state = MA group by driver_no A)A listing of all drivers who made deliveries to state = MA, sorted by driver number.B)A listing of each driver who made deliveries to state = MA as well as the number of deliveries that each driver has made to that state. C)A count of all of the deliveries made to state = MA by all drivers. D)None of the above. Answer B Difficulty DifficultPage Ref 340, 341 Topic Processing Single Tables Subtopic Categorizing Results The GROUP BY Clause AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 36. Which of the following finds all groups meeting stated conditions? A)Select B)Where C)Having D)Find Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 341, 342 Topic Processing Single TablesSubtopic Qualifying Results by Categories The HAVING Clause AACSB Use of Information Technology 37. What will be returned when the following SQL query is executed? Select driver_no, count(*) as num_deliveries from deliveries group by driver_no having count(*) > 2 A)A listing of all drivers who made more than 2 deliveries as well as a count of the number of deliveries B)A listing of all drivers C)A listing of the number of deliveries greater than 2 D)A listing of all drivers who made more than 2 deliveries Answer A Level DifficultPage Ref 341, 342 Topic Processing Single TablesSubtopic Qualifying Results by Categories The HAVING Clause AACSB Use of Information Technology 38. Which of the following is true of the order in which SQL statements are evaluated? A)The select article is always processed first. B)The select clause is always processed last. C)The select clause is processed sooner the order by clause. D)The group by clause is processed in advance the where clause. Answer C Level DifficultPage Ref 329 Topic Processing Single Tables AACSB Use of Information Technology 39. A _______________ view is materialized when referenced. A)virtual B)dynamic C)materialized D) base Answer BLevel ModeratePage Ref 342 Topic Using and Defining Views AACSB Use of Information Technology 40. A view may non be updated flat iF it contains A)the distinct keyword. B)derived columns and expressions in the select clause. C)uses the group by or having clause. D)all of the above. Answer D Level EasyPage Ref 345 Topic Using and Defining Views AACSB Use of Information Technology Chapter 7 1. A join operation A) brings together data from both different fields. B) causes two tables with a common domain to be unite into a single table or view. C) causes two disparate tables to be accordd into a single table or view.D) is used to cartel indexing operations. Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 358 Topic Processing ten-fold Tables AACSB Use of Information Technology 2. A join in which the joining condition is based on equality between determine in the common columns is called a(n) E) equi-join. F) uni-lateral join. G) inherent join. H) both A and C. Answer D Level EasyPage Ref 358 Topic Processing quaternate Tables Subtopic Equi-join AACSB Use of Information Technology 3. A join that is based upon equality between determine in two common columns with the same(p) name and where one duplicate column has been retravel is called a(n) I) equi-join.J) natural join. K) multivariate join. L) inner(a) join. Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 360 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Natural tie in AACSB Use of Information Technology 4. The most commonly used form of join operation is the M) outer(prenominal) join. N) union join. O) equi-join. P) natural join. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 360 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Natural joint AACSB Use of Information Technology 5. A join in which rows that do non have matching values in common columns are still included in the result table is called a(n) Q) natural join. R) equi-join. S) outer join. T) union join. Answer CLevel EasyPage Ref 361 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic satellite Join AACSB Use of Information Technology 6. In which of the following situations would one have to use an outer join in order to achieve the desired results? U) A report is desired that lists all customers who placed an order. V) A report is desired that lists all customers and the total of their orders. W) A report is desired that lists all customers, the total of their orders during the most recent month, and includes customers who did not place an order during the month (their total will be zero). X) There is never a situation that requires only an outer join.Answer C Level DifficultPage Ref 361,362 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Outer Join AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 7. One major advantage of the outer join is that Y) information is tardily accessible. Z) information is not lost. ) the query is easier to write. ) All of the above. Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 362 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Outer Join AACSB Use of Information Te chnology 8. A type of join implemented in SQL-1999 and by extension SQL-2003 that returns all of the data from each table that is joined is called a(n) ) outer join. ) inner join. ) union join. ) intersect join. Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 362 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Union Join AACSB Use of Information Technology 9. A type of query that is placed inside a WHERE or HAVING clause of another query is called a a) master query. b) subquery. c) superquery. d) multi-query. Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 340 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Subqueries AACSB Use of Information Technology 10. _________ takes a value of true if a subquery returns an intermediate results table which contains one or more rows. e) In f) Having g) Exists h) Extents Answer CLevel ModeratePage Ref 367 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Subqueries AACSB Use of Information Technology 11. In SQL, a _____________ subquery is a type of subquery in which affect the inner query depends on data from the outer query. i) correlated j) paired k) natural l) inner Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 368 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Correlated Subqueries AACSB Use of Information Technology 12. A ______________ ____________ is a temporary table used in the FROM clause of an SQL query. m) correlated subquery n) derived table o) view table p) None of the above. Answer BLevel ModeratePage Ref 369 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Using Derived Tables AACSB Use of Information Technology 13. The UNION clause is used to q) combine the output from multiplex queries into a single result table. r) join two tables together to form one table. s) find all rows that do not match in two tables. t) None of the above. Answer A Level EasyPage Ref 369 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic cartel Queries AACSB Use of Information Technology 14. In order for two queries to be UNION-compatible, they must u) both have the same number of lines in their SQL statements. ) bo th output compatible data types for each column and return the same number of rows. w) both return at least one row. x) All of the above. Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 369 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Combining Queries AACSB Use of Information Technology 15. Establishing IF-THEN-ELSE logical impact at bottom an SQL statement can be accomplished by y) using the if-then-else construct. z) using the immediate if statement. ) using the CASE keyword in a statement. ) using a subquery. Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 372 Topic Processing Multiple Tables Subtopic Conditional ExpressionsAACSB Use of Information Technology 16. Explicit commands to manage transactions are directed when ) a transaction consists of just one SQL command. ) multiple SQL commands must be run as part of a transaction. ) autocommit is set to off. ) None of the above. Answer B Level DifficultPage Ref 377 Topic Ensuring operation rightfulness AACSB Use of Information Technology 17. drug user-outl ined transactions can repair system performance because ) transactions are processed as sets, cut system overhead. ) transactions are mapped to SQL statements. ) speed is improved due to query optimization. ) All of the above.Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 377 Topic Ensuring Transaction Integrity AACSB Use of Information Technology 18. An interactive command that can be used to dynamically control a user session for withdraw integrity measures is ) rollback. ) rollforward. ) set autocommit. ) expunge. Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 377 Topic Ensuring Transaction Integrity AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 19. If the DBA wishes to describe all tables in the database, which data dictionary view should be accessed in illusionist? ) dba_tab_privs ) dba_tab_comments ) dba_table_label ) dba_tables Answer DLevel ModeratePage Ref 378 Topic Data Dictionary Facilities AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 20. What results would the following SQL stateme nt produce? select owner, table_name from dba_tables where table_name = CUSTOMER ) A listing of all customers in the customer table ) A listing of the owner of the customer table ) A listing of the owner of the customer table as well as customers ) An error message Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 379 Topic Data Dictionary Facilities AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 21. User- delimit data types ) can be a subclass of a standard type. can behave as an object. ) can have defined functions and methods. ) can have all of the above. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 380 Topic SQL 200n Enhancements and Extensions to SQL AACSB Use of Information Technology 22. A new set of analytical functions added in SQL200n are referred to as ) OLAF Functions ) MOLAP Functions ) Average Functions ) OLAP Functions Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 380 Topic SQL 200n Enhancements and Extensions to SQL Subtopic Analytical Functions AACSB Use of Information Technology 23. RANK and DENSE-RANK are examples of ) Ceilings ) Door Functions ) Window Functions ) Moving FunctionsAnswer C Level ModeratePage Ref 380 Topic SQL 200n Enhancements and Extensions to SQL Subtopic Analytical Functions AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 24. All of the following are new data types added in SQL200n that ) BIGINT ) micro chip ) MULTISET ) XML Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 381 Topic SQL 2003 Enhancements and Extensions to SQL Subtopic New Data Types AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 25. The MERGE command ) Allows one to combine the INSERT and UPDATE operations ) Allows one to combine the INSERT and blue-pencil operations ) Joins 2 tables together None of the above. Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 382 Topic SQL 200n Enhancements and Extensions to SQL Subtopic Other Enhancements AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 26. Extensions defined in SQL-99 that include the capability to create and drop modules of jurisprudence stored in the dat abase schema across user sessions are called ) stored influences. ) Persistent Stored Modules. ) flow control modules. ) None of the above. Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 383 Topic SQL 200n Enhancements and Extensions to SQL Subtopic chopineming Extensions AACSB Use of Information Technology 27.A named set of SQL statements that are considered when a data modification occurs are called ) stored surgical processs. ) treatments. ) triggers. ) trapdoors. Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 384 Topic Triggers and Routines AACSB Use of Information Technology 28. While triggers run automatically, ______________ do not and have to be called. ) trapdoors ) routines ) selects ) updates Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 386 Topic Triggers and Routines AACSB Use of Information Technology 29. SQL-invoked routines can be ) procedures. ) functions. ) All of the above. ) None of the above. Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 386Topic Triggers and Routines Subtopic Routines AACSB Use of Information Technology 3 0. All of the following are advantages of SQL-invoked routines EXCEPT ) tractableness. ) efficiency. ) sharability. ) security. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 387 Topic Triggers and Routines Subtopic Routines AACSB Use of Information Technology 31. A procedure is ) stored within the database. ) given a unique name. ) called by name. ) All of the above. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 387, 388 Topic Triggers and Routines Subtopic Routines AACSB Use of Information Technology 32. Embedded SQL consists of hard- autographd SQL statements included in a program written in another language. ) SQL encapsulated inside of other SQL statements. ) SQL written into a front-end application. ) SQL translated to a lower-level language. Answer A and C are both plausible answers. Level EasyPage Ref 389 Topic Embedded SQL and Dynamic SQL AACSB Use of Information Technology 33. In order to embed SQL inside of another language, the ________ _______ statement must be placed before the SQL in the host la nguage. ) GET SQL ) EXEC SQL ) RUN SQL ) SQL SQL Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 390 Topic Embedded SQL and Dynamic SQLAACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 34. Dynamic SQL ) is used to generate appropriate SQL code on the fly, as an application is processing. ) is quite volatile. ) is not used wide on the Internet. ) creates a less flexible application. Answer A Level EasyPage Ref 390 Topic Embedded SQL and Dynamic SQL AACSB Use of Information Technology 35. On-line transaction processing is ) A system used for reporting only. ) A system used in transaction-oriented applications that involves real- cartridge holder processing of SQL transactions. ) A set of tools that provides users with a graphical view of data. ) None of the above.Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 391 Topic OLAP SQL AACSB Use of Information Technology 36. OLAP systems differ from OLTP systems in several ways except ) Size ) Processing ) Queries ) Physical entrepot Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 392 Topic OLAP SQL AACSB Use of Information Technology Chapter 8 1. Which of the following have affected the way businesses use computing systems to meet the demand of the competitive marketplace? A)GUI evolutions B)Networking advances C)Communication changes D)All of the above. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 403 Topic Introduction AACSB Use of Information Technology 2.Which of the following is a component of processing logic? A)Input B)Output C)Retrieval D)Business rules Answer D Level EasyPage Ref 404 Topic node/ legion Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 3. A device that manages file operations and is shared by each client PC on a LAN is called a A)file server. B)file processor. C)database server. D)fat client. Answer A Level EasyPage Ref 405 Topic Client/ horde Architectures Subtopic tear emcee Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 4. In a file server architecture, which of the following is performed by a client? A)Provides meaningful LAN trafficB)File stora ge C)User embrasure processing D)All of the above. Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 404 Topic Client/ horde Architectures Subtopic File Server Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 5. Which of the following is true about file servers on a LAN? A)Each client must devote memory to a plentiful version of its DBMS. B)Not much data private road is generated. C)The DBMS copy has little responsibility. D)Application programmers need little knowledge about DBMSs. Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 406 Topic Client/Server Architectures Subtopic File Server Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology . Which of the following is NOT a demarcation to using file servers on local area netwhole kit and boodle? A)Considerable data movement is generated across the network. B)Each client workstation must devote memory to a full version of the DBMS. C)Stored procedures can be run on the file server. D)The DBMS copy in each workstation must manage the shared database integrity. Answe r C Level ModeratePage Ref 405, 406 Topic Client/Server Architectures Subtopic File Server Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 7. A(n) _____ is a module of code written in SQL or some proprietary language to run business rules on a server.A)SQL program B)select module C)select procedure D)stored procedure Answer D Level EasyPage Ref 407 Topic Client/Server Architectures Subtopic Database Server Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 8. Which of the following is an advantage of stored procedures? A)Data integrity improves when fewer applications access the procedure. B)The layers get cleaner. C)Stored procedures result in fatter clients. D)Performance improves for compiled SQL statements. Answer D Level EasyPage Ref 407 Topic Client/Server Architectures Subtopic Database Server Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 9.Which of the following is not a disadvantage of stored procedures? A)Writing stored procedures takes more time than writing an appli cation in Visual basic or PowerBuilder. B)Decreases in network traffic are realized. C)Stored procedures are proprietary and not easy to move from one RDBMS to another. D)Each client must be squiffy with the application to be used at that location. Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 407 Topic Client/Server Architectures Subtopic Database Server Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 10. A PC configured to handle user port wine with little or no local storage is called a A)server.B)fat client. C)thin client. D)workstation. Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 409 Topic Three-Tier Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 11. Which of the following is true about three-tier architectures? A)Less scalable than two-tier B)Increased risk C) much technological flexibility D)All of the above Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 409 Topic Three-Tier Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 12. _____ is the process of assigning pieces of application code to clients or servers. A )Application partitioning B)Modularizing programs C)Code distribution D)Program breakup Answer A Level EasyPage Ref 410Topic class an Application AACSB Use of Information Technology 13. Which of the following is not a common distribution logic for two-tiered server environments A)Fat Client B)Tall Client C)Thin Client D)Distributed Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 411 Topic Partitioning an Application AACSB Use of Information Technology 14. Which of the following is true of mainframes in the client/server environment? A)Managers have a difficult time moving between political programs. B)Supporting distributed environments is easier than mainframe apply. C)Migrating from mainframes to client/server is a comparatively simple process.D)All of the above. Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 412 Topic Role of the Mainframe AACSB Use of Information Technology 15. Moving mission lively applications to client/server environments is likely to cause serious problems in the inflection from the pilot phase to production unless A)Developers rewrite all code for the system. B)Brand new hardware is purchased. C)Developers anticipate scalability issues and address them as they develop code D)None of the above. Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 412 Topic Role of the Mainframe AACSB Use of Information Technology 16. ____ is any of several classes of software that allow an application to interoperate with other software without requiring the user to understand all software involved. A)User interface enhancers B)Middleware C) port wine managers D)MPP Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 413 Topic Using Middleware AACSB Use of Information Technology 17. Which of the following does not tie applications to databases over networks? A)Asynchronous RPC middleware B)Synchronous RPC middleware C)SQL-oriented middleware D)SMP Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 414 Topic Using Middleware AACSB Use of Information Technology 18.Which of the following could send and receive email, while the client works on other things? A)ORBs middleware B)Synchronous RPC middleware C)SQL-oriented middleware D)MOM Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 414 Topic Using Middleware AACSB Use of Information Technology 19. Microsofts Transaction Server and IBMs CICS are examples of A)Asynchronous Remote Procedure Call (RPC) B)Synchronous RPC C)MOM D)ORB Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 414 Topic Using Middleware AACSB Use of Information Technology 20. ______________ makes it possible for applications to send objects and request services in an object-oriented system.A)MOM B)RPC C)ORB D)API Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 414 Topic Using Middleware AACSB Use of Information Technology 21. A(n) _____ is a set of application routines that programs use to direct the performance of procedures by the computers operating system. A)API B)MOM C)RPC D)LAN Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 414 Topic Using Middleware AACSB Use of Information Technology 22. Which of the following is true of moving to client/server environments? A)Fun ctionality must be delivered all at once. B)There are no hidden costs. C)Services can be placed appropriately. D)None of the above. Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 416Topic Client/Server Issues AACSB Use of Information Technology 23. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of moving to client/server environments? A)Functionality can be delivered in stages to end users. B)Business process reengineering is facilitated. C)Network traffic and response times are increased. D)Users are encouraged to utilize the applications usefulity. Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 416, 417 Topic Client/Server Issues AACSB Use of Information Technology 24. The most common bottleneck in a client/server environment is the A)users B)software C)network D)company politics Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 416Topic Client/Server Issues AACSB Use of Information Technology 25. In order to establish client/server security A)Network security must be established B)Biometric authentication must be used C)Server security must be established D)Both A and C Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 416 Topic Client/Server Issues AACSB Use of Information Technology 26. Multi-tier make sense if all of the following environments except A) More than 100 users B)High-volume transaction processing C)Workgroups D)Real-time processing Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 416 Topic Client/Server Issues AACSB Use of Information Technology 27.Which of the following is not a parameter that must be stipulate in order to establish an ODBC connection? A)Specific ODBC driver needed B)Back-end server name to connect to C)JDK version D)Database name to connect to Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 417 Topic Using ODBC to tangency External Tables Stores on a Database Server AACSB Use of Information Technology 28. Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of Level-2 API capabilities? A)Send and receive partial results B)Call a translation library C)Commit or rollback transactions D)Prepare and execute SQL statements Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 417Topic Using ODBC to Link External Tables Stores on a Database Server AACSB Use of Information Technology 29. An application programming interface that enables an application program to process RDBMS databases meets the A)object linking and embedding standard. B)open database connectivity standard. C)multi-platform connectivity standard. D)open source standard. Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 417 Topic Using ODBC to Link External Tables Stores on a Database Server AACSB Use of Information Technology 30. Which of the following parameters must be defined in order to establish an ODBC connection? A)ODBC driver B)Back-end server nameC)Database name to connect to D)All of the above Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 417 Topic Using ODBC to Link External Tables Stores on a Database Server AACSB Use of Information Technology. Analytic Skills 31. The ability to call a translation library is a distinguishing characteristic of A)Core-API ODBC conformance. B)Level-1 API ODBC conformance. C)Level-2 API ODBC conformance. D)Level-3 API ODBC conformance. Answer C Level DifficultPage Ref 418 Topic Using ODBC to Link External Tables Stores on a Database Server AACSB Use of Information Technology 32. JDBC is similar to ODBC EXCEPT A)ODBC is language independent and JDBC is not.B)ODBC can be used to execute SQL queries on a server while JDBC does not have this capability. C)ODBC can run on multiple platforms, while JDBC is platform specific. D)None of the above. Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 385 Topic Using JDBC to Link External Tables Stored on a Database Server AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills Chapter 9 1. The analysis of summarized data to support decisiveness making is called A) operable processing. B)informational processing. C)artificial intelligence. D)data scrubbing. Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 461 Topic Introduction AACSB Use of Information Technology 2.The characteristic that indicates that a data warehouse is organized virtual ly key high-level entities of the enterprise is A)subject-oriented. B) compound. C)time-variant. D)nonvolatile. Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 462 Topic elementary Concepts of Data entrepot AACSB Use of Information Technology 3. When we consider data in the data warehouse to be time-variant, we mean A)that the time of storage varies. B)data in the warehouse contain a time dimension so that they may be used to study trends and changes. C)that there is a time delay between when data are post and when we report on the data. D)none of the above.Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 462 Topic Basic Concepts of Data computer memory AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 4. Which of the following advances in information systems contributed to the emergence of data warehousing? A)Improvements in database technology, particularly the relational data model B)Advances in computer hardware, especially affordable atomic pile storage and parallel computer architectures C)Advances in middleware products that enabled enterprise database connectivity across complex platforms D)All of the above Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 463 Topic Basic Concepts of Data WarehousingSubtopic A Brief History AACSB Use of Information Technology 5. Which of the following factors drive the need for data warehousing? A)Businesses need an integrated view of company information. B)Informational data must be kept together with operative data. C)Data warehouses generally have better security. D)None of the above Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 463 Topic Basic Concepts of Data Warehousing Subtopic The strike for Data Warehousing AACSB Use of Information Technology 6. Which of the following organizational trends does not encourage the need for data warehousing? A)Multiple, nonsynchronized systemsB)Focus on customer relationship management C)Downsizing D)Focus on supplier relationship management Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 463464 Topic Basic Concepts of Data Warehousing Subtopic Nee d for a Companywide View AACSB Use of Information Technology 7. Informational systems are designed for all of the following EXCEPT A)running a business in real time. B)supporting decision making. C)complex queries. D)data mining. Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 466 Topic Basic Concepts of Data Warehousing Subtopic Need to Separate Operational and Informational Systems AACSB Use of Information Technology 8.Operational and informational systems are generally bustd because of which of the following factors? A)A data warehouse centralizes data that are scattered throughout disparate operational systems and makes them readily available for decision support applications. B)A properly designed data warehouse adds value to data by improving their quality and consistency. C)A separate data warehouse eliminates contention for resources that results when informational applications are confounded with operational processing. D)All of the above Answer D Level EasyPage Ref 466 Topic Basic Concep ts of Data WarehousingSubtopic Need to Separate Operational and Informational Systems AACSB Use of Information Technology 9. A data grocery store is a(n) A)enterprisewide data warehouse. B)smaller system built upon file processing technology. C)data warehouse that is limited in scope. D)generic on-line shopping site. Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 469 Topic Data Warehouse Architectures Subtopic Independent Data grocery Data Warehousing Environment AACSB Use of Information Technology 10. One characteristic of independent data grocery stores is complexity for end users when they need to access data in separate data marts.This complexity is caused by not only having to access data from separate databases, but too from A)the possibility of a new generation of inconsistent data systems, the data marts themselves. B)lack of user training. C)denormalized data. D)incongruent data formats. Answer A Level DifficultPage Ref 469 Topic Data Warehouse Architectures Subtopic Independent Data mart Data Warehousing Environment AACSB Use of Information Technology 11. All of the following are limitations of the independent data mart EXCEPT A)separate extraction, transformation, and loading processes are positive for each data mart.B)data marts may not be consistent with one another. C)there is no capability to drill down into greater expound in other data marts. D)it is often more expedient to build a data mart than a data warehouse. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 469 Topic Data Warehouse Architectures Subtopic Independent Data Mart Data Warehousing Environment AACSB Use of Information Technology, Reflective thinking 12. A dependent data mart A)is filled with data extracted directly from the operational system. B)is filled exclusively from the enterprise data warehouse with harmonise data.C)is dependent upon an operational system. D)participates in a relationship with an entity. Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 470 Topic Data Warehouse Architectures Subtopic Dependent Data Mart and Operational Data Store Architecture A Three-Level overture AACSB Use of Information Technology 13. An operational data store (ODS) is a(n) A)place to store all unreconciled data. B)representation of the operational data. C)integrated, subject-oriented, updateable, trustworthy-valued, detailed database designed to serve the decision support needs of operational users.D)small-scale data mart. Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 471 Topic Data Warehouse Architectures Subtopic Dependent Data Mart and Operational Data Store Architecture A Three-Level Approach AACSB Use of Information Technology 14. A logical data mart is a(n) A)data mart consisting of only logical data. B)data mart created by a relational view of a slightly denormalized data warehouse. C)integrated, subject-oriented, detailed database designed to serve operational users. D)centralized, integrated data warehouse. Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 472 Topic Data Warehouse ArchitecturesSubtopic luculent Data Mart and Real-Time Data Warehouse Architecture AACSB Use of Information Technology 15. All of the following are unique characteristics of a logical data mart EXCEPT A)logical data marts are not physically separate databases, but instead a relational view of a data warehouse. B)the data mart is always up-to-date since data in a view is created when the view is referenced. C)the process of creating a logical data mart is lengthy. D)data are moved into the data warehouse rather than a separate staging area. Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 472 Topic Data Warehouse ArchitecturesSubtopic Logical Data Mart and Real-Time Data Warehouse Architecture AACSB Use of Information Technology 16. The real-time data warehouse is characterized by which of the following? A)It accepts near-real time feeds of transaction data. B)Data are immediately transformed and loaded into the warehouse. C)It provides near-real-time access for the transaction processing systems to an enterprise data warehouse. D)All of the abov e Answer D Level EasyPage Ref 473-474 Topic Data Warehouse Architectures Subtopic Logical Data Mart and Real-Time Data Warehouse Architecture AACSB Use of Information Technology 7. Data that are detailed, current, and intended to be the single, authoritative source of all decision support applications are called _____ data. A)reconciled B)subject C)derived D)detailed Answer A Level EasyPage Ref 475 Topic Data Warehouse Architectures Subtopic Three- form Data Architectures AACSB Use of Information Technology 18. A database action that results from a transaction is called a(n) A)transition. B)event. C)log entry. D)journal happening. Answer B Level EasyPage Ref 476 Topic Some Characteristics of Data Warehouse Data Subtopic Status Versus Event DataAACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills 19. Data that are never physically altered once they are added to the store are called _____ data. A)transient B)override C)periodic D)complete Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 477 Topic Some Cha racteristics of Data Warehouse Data Subtopic Transient Versus Periodic Data AACSB Use of Information Technology 20. Which of the following is an objective of derived data? A)Ease of use for decision support systems B)Faster response time for user queries C)Support data mining applications D)All of the above Answer D Level EasyPage Ref 481Topic The Derived Data Layer Subtopic Characteristics of Derived Data AACSB Use of Information Technology 21. .A star schema contains both fact and _______ tables. A)narrative B)cross functional C)dimension D)starter Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 481 Topic The Derived Data Layer Subtopic The lead story Schema AACSB Use of Information Technology 22. The level of detail in a fact table determined by the ford of all the components of the native key, including all foreign keys and any other primary key elements, is called the A)span. B)grain. C)selection. D)aggregation. Answer BLevel EasyPage Ref 485 Topic The Derived Data Layer Subtopic The Star S chema AACSB Use of Information Technology 23. Conformed dimensions allow users to do the following A)share nonkey dimension data. B)query across fact tables with consistency. C)work on facts and business subjects for which all users have the same meaning. D)all of the above. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 488-489 Topic The Derived Data Layer Subtopic The Star Schema AACSB Use of Information Technology 24. An spread out version of a star schema in which all of the tables are fully normalized is called a(n) A)snowflake schema.B)operational schema. C)DSS schema. D)complete schema. Answer A Level EasyPage Ref 492 Topic The Derived Data Layer Subtopic The Star Schema AACSB Use of Information Technology 25. All of the following are ways to handle changing dimensions EXCEPT A)overwrite the current value with the new value. B)for each dimension attribute that changes, create a current value field and as many old value fields as we wish. C)create a new dimension table row each time the dim ension object changes. D)create a snowflake schema. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 494 Topic The Derived Data LayerSubtopic The Star Schema AACSB Use of Information Technology 26. The use of a set of graphical tools that provides users with multidimensional views of their data is called A)on-line geometrical processing (OGP). B)drill-down analysis. C)on-line analytical processing (OLAP). D)on-line datacube processing (ODP). Answer C Level EasyPage Ref 500 Topic The User Interface Subtopic on-line Analytical Processing (OLAP) Tools AACSB Use of Information Technology 27. OLAP tools that use the database as a traditional relational database are called A)ROLAP tools. B)MOLAP tools. C)slice and dice.D)none of the above. Answer A Level ModeratePage Ref 500-501 Topic The User Interface Subtopic on-line(a) Analytical Processing (OLAP) Tools AACSB Use of Information Technology 28. Rotating the view of a multidimensional database for a particular data point is called data A)cubing. B)drill -down. C)dicing. D)pivoting. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 501 Topic The User Interface Subtopic on-line(a) Analytical Processing (OLAP) Tools AACSB Use of Information Technology 29. Going from a summary view to progressively lower levels of detail is called data A)cubing. B)drill-down. C)dicing.D)pivoting. Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 502 Topic The User Interface Subtopic On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) Tools AACSB Use of Information Technology 30. Which of the following data mining techniques identifies clusters of observations with similar characteristics? A)Case reason B)Rule discovery C)Clustering and signal processing D)Neural nets Answer C Level ModeratePage Ref 506 Topic The User Interface Subtopic Data-Mining Tools AACSB Use of Information Technology 31. Which of the following data-mining techniques searches for patterns and correlations in large data sets?A)Case reasoning B)Rule discovery C)Signal processing D)Neural nets Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 506 Top ic The User Interface Subtopic Data-Mining Tools AACSB Use of Information Technology 32. Which of the following data mining applications identifies customers for promotional activity? A)Population profiling B)Target marketing C)Usage analysis D)Product resemblance Answer B Level ModeratePage Ref 506 Topic The User Interface Subtopic Data-Mining Tools AACSB Use of Information Technology 33. Which of the following is true of data visual percept?A)It is easier to observe trends and patterns in data. B)Correlations and clusters in data can be intimately identified. C)It is often used in conjunction with data mining. D)All of the above. Answer D Level ModeratePage Ref 503 Topic The User Interface Subtopic Data visual image AACSB Use of Information Technology, Analytic Skills Chapter 10 1. High quality data are data that are A) Accurate B)Consistent C)Available in a incidentally fashion D)All of the above Answer D Level EasyPage Ref 524 Topic Managing Quality Data AACSB Use of Informa tion Technology, Analytic Skills